Summary: Proteomics was employed to identify the differentially expressed proteins between esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) and adjacent normal esophageal tissues. ESCC tissues and adjacent normal tissues were obtained from 10 patients with ESCC and the proteins were extracted and subjected to two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE). The differentially expressed proteins were identified after image analysis, and matrix assisted laser desorption ionisation time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS) was used to confirm these proteins. Immunohistochemistry was then performed to detect the expressions of HSP27 and ANX1 in ESCC tissues and adjacent normal tissues. A total of 6 differentially expressed proteins were identified by peptide mass fingerprinting, among which SCCA1, KRT4 and ANX1 were down-regulated and TIM1, MnSOD and HSP27 up-regulated in the ESCC. Immuno histochemistry showed HSP27 was highly expressed in the ESCC which, however, had a low expression of ANX1. These findings were consistent with those in proteomics. There were differentially expressed proteins between ESCC and adjacent normal tissues. The investigation of differentially expressed proteins between ESCC and normal esophageal tissue may provide evidence for the molecular pathogenesis of ESCC.Keywords: esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, proteomics, differentially expressed proteins, immunohistochemistry Kratak sadr`aj: Uz pomo} proteomike, identifikovali smo proteine ~ija se ekspresija razlikuje u planocelularnom karcinomu jednjaka (PKJ) i susednim zdravim tkivima jednjaka. Uzorci tkiva PKJ i susednih normalnih tkiva uzeti su od 10 pacijenata sa PKJ a proteini su ekstrahovani i podvrgnuti dvodimenzionalnoj elektroforezi na gelu (2-DE). Proteini sa razli~itom ekspresijom su identifikovani posle analize slika, dok je za njihovo potvr|ivanje upotrebljena tehnika MALDI-TOF-MS (matrix-assisted laser desorption ionisation time-offlight mass spectrometry). Potom su obavljene imunohistohemijske analize kako bi se utvrdile ekspresije HSP27 i ANX1 u tkivima PKJ i susednim normalnim tkivima. Pomo}u tehnike peptide mass fingerprintinga identifikovano je ukupno {est proteina sa razli~itim ekspresijama, od kojih je ekspre sija SCCA1, KRT4 i ANX1 bila sni`ena, a TIM1, MnSOD i HSP21 povi{ena u PKJ. Imunohistohemijsko ispitivanje je pokazalo da je HSP27 veoma izra`en u PKJ, u kom je, me|utim, utvr|ena niska ekspresija ANX1. Ovi rezultati se sla`u sa onima dobijenim pomo}u proteomike. Utvr|eno je da postoje proteini sa razli~itom ekspresijom u PKJ i susednim normalnim tkivima. Istra`ivanje razli~ite ekspresije proteina u PKJ i normalnom tkivu jednjaka mo`e doneti nove dokaze u vezi s molekulskom patogenezom PKJ.Klju~ne re~i: planocelularni karcinom jednjaka, proteomika, proteini s razli~itom ekspresijom, imunohistohemija