Market-Led Pluralism: Rethinking Our Understanding of Racial/Ethnic Spatial Patterning in U.S. Cities

Brown, Lawrence A.; Chung, Su-Yuel

doi:10.1080/00045600701734612

Cited by 52 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…This hypothesis is contradicted by formal theory and by simulation results such as we have presented here. Of course, although our attention here is narrowly focused on preference effects, we do not gainsay the fact that other important social dynamics also are present in urban life and exert independent effects on segregation (25). At the same time, we must stress that acknowledging the relevance of other factors does not undermine the conclusions we offer regarding preference effects.…”

Section: Simulationsmentioning

confidence: 95%

Understanding the social context of the Schelling segregation model

Clark

Fossett²

2008

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

220

173

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A recent article [Vinkovic D, Kirman A (2006) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 103: [19261][19262][19263][19264][19265] showing that the Schelling model has a physical analogue extends our understanding of the model. However, prior research has already outlined a mathematical basis for the Schelling model and simulations based on it have already enhanced our understanding of the social dynamics that underlie the model, something that the physical analogue does not address. Research in social science has provided a formal basis for the segregative outcomes resulting from the residential selection process and simulations have replicated relevant spatial outcomes under different specifications of the residential dynamics. New and increasingly detailed survey data on preferences demonstrates the embeddedness of the Schelling selection process in the social behaviors of choosing alternative residential compositions. It also demonstrates that, in the multicultural context, seemingly mild preferences for living with similar neighbors carry the potential to be strong determinants for own race selectivity and residential segregation.preferences ͉ simulation ͉ ethnicity ͉ integration ͉ neighborhoods A recent article outlined a model that can explain the way in which separation or segregation (clustering) can arise in physical processes and is thus a parallel to the clustering outcomes of the Schelling segregation model (1). The physical analogue is interesting and it is intriguing to learn that there are physical parallels to social processes with specific commonalities in the physical processes of clustering and the social process of residential separation and segregation. That said, it is not completely clear that we have advanced our understanding of segregation and segregation dynamics by generating a physical analogue to the Schelling model. Although the physical analogue explains clustering and separating, the most important issue in the Schelling model, from a social perspective, is how choices play out in the social fabric and lead to segregated residential patterns. We show here that there are well articulated mathematical explanations for social segregation, that simulation studies with relatively simple utility structures can replicate complex and sometimes subtle segregation patterns seen in real urban environments, and that data from surveys of preferences reiterate the role of social distance in segregation outcomes.The original Schelling agent model was disarmingly simple in its construction (2, 3). It posited that an agent, a model representation of a household that could be white or black, preferred to be on a square on a checkerboard in which half or more of the eight adjacent neighbors were of a similar color. In the economic context, this was seen as having utility one compared with having utility zero. Schelling used simple simulations based on such hypothetical preference schedules to show that the adjustments of individual households responding to changes in composition on the checkerboard invariably lead to ...

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Section: Simulationsmentioning

confidence: 95%

Understanding the social context of the Schelling segregation model

Clark

Fossett²

2008

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

220

173

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“…Stratifikační teorie přikládá význam zejména diskriminaci cizinců na trhu s bydlením, jež vede k segmentaci realitního trhu a stratifikaci čtvrtí ve městě podle dostupnosti cizincům [Brown, Chung 2008;Walton 2012]. V postsocialistické společnosti potvrzují nezanedbatelný význam antiimigračních postojů studie z Ruska [Gorodzeisky, Glikman, Maskileyson 2015], Maďarska [Bimbi 2011], Polska [Meuleman, Davidov, Billiet 2009] či Česka [Burjanek 2001].…”

Section: Teoretická Východiska: Migrace Cizinců Do Postsocialistickéhunclassified

The Role of Foreign Migration in the Changing Socio-Spatial Differentiation of Prague

Přidalová¹,

Ouředníček²

2017

Czech Sociological Review

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Abstract:Investigating the spatial differentiation of foreign populations in cities, especially the level of ethnic segregation, has a long tradition in Western European and American social geography. Owing to increased international mobility since the 1990s, it has also become relevant for some post-socialist cities. This article examines how the growing ethnic heterogeneity of the urban population is reflected in the spatial distribution of foreign citizens in Prague, which is now a unique example of a newly multicultural post-socialist capital. The analysis uses the migration register and census data based on citizenship. The results suggest that foreign citizens are a factor in the transformation of the ethnic structure of the population especially in the inner city and the historical core. Ethnic segregation appears to be most pronounced among economically stronger and culturally distant groups, but concentrations of foreign citizens are forming on the level of localities rather than urban quarters. The article offers the first insight into the relationship between international migration and a post-socialist city, which, soon after the fall of communism, became a destination of international immigration.

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“…We expect that many Asians and Latinos living in metropolitan areas where their group numbers are too small to make possible an ethnic concentration would prefer to reside in neighborhoods where Whites and their group were mixed somewhat evenly, if that option was available. What appears simply as non-ethnic and market-led pluralism in the very low ethnic percentages in mixed neighborhoods with above-average incomes may be more the result of the small ethnic-group numbers in a metropolitan area (Brown and Chung, 2008). In the long run, if American society evolves toward a reduced salience of race and ethnicity, then market-led pluralism may be the only appropriate interpretation of low-percentage ethnic concentrations; but right now, we question whether that is the case.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…According to the most thorough nationwide study measuring discrimination of this type, discrimination persists but during the 1990s it diminished greatly, except for Latinos in the rental housing market (Ross and Turner, 2005). Intensive study of a medium-sized metropolitan area (Columbus, Ohio) also showed that discrimination occurred occasionally but was the exception rather than the rule (Brown and Chung, 2008).…”

Section: Discriminationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ethnic Residential Concentrations with Above-Average Incomes

Allen

Turner

2009

Urban Geography

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Are residents of ethnic concentrations necessarily poor? We tested this notion with Census 2000 data for Asian and Latino households in the New York, Los Angeles, and San Francisco CMSAs. Ethnic concentrations included all census tracts in which the group comprised over 40% of the population. While many residential concentrations had low incomes, 11% of concentrated Latinos and 57% of concentrated Asians had incomes above their metropolitan medians for all households. Moreover, 18% of concentrated Asians lived in tracts with incomes at least 50% higher than the metropolitan medians. Higher-income residents within concentrations were more likely to be U.S.-born and proficient in English. Thus scholars need to revise the widespread view that people living in ethnic concentrations are poor. Many Asians and Latinos who can afford homes in mostly White neighborhoods prefer to live where both Whites and their group are well represented.

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Market-Led Pluralism: Rethinking Our Understanding of Racial/Ethnic Spatial Patterning in U.S. Cities

Cited by 52 publications

References 59 publications

Understanding the social context of the Schelling segregation model

Understanding the social context of the Schelling segregation model

The Role of Foreign Migration in the Changing Socio-Spatial Differentiation of Prague

Ethnic Residential Concentrations with Above-Average Incomes

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