Market claims and efficacy information in direct‐to‐consumer prescription drug print advertisements

Aikin, Kathryn J.; Betts, Kevin R.; Keisler, Aysha; Ziemer, Kathryn Schaefer

doi:10.1002/mar.21209

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Because of the expansion of healthcare and better access to information about diseases and treatments, patients are taking a more active role in making their own healthcare decisions. 31 Patients' clear and complete understanding of the benefits and risks of a treatment is an essential component in facilitating effective communication between care providers, regulators, and patients. Although the FDA maintains that prescribers are the intended audience for PIs, prescribers need access to in a manner that is consistent, informative, and comprehensible; the information should be simple and clear enough to convey the intended message 32,33 to enable shared decision making, a process by which the patient and clinician work together to determine what is for the patient.…”

Section: Patient Engagement and Prosmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of Patient-Reported Outcome Labeling of FDA-Approved New Drugs (2016-2020): Counts, Categories, and Comprehensibility

et al. 2022

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Section: Patient Engagement and Prosmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of Patient-Reported Outcome Labeling of FDA-Approved New Drugs (2016-2020): Counts, Categories, and Comprehensibility

et al. 2022

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“…Many studies have analyzed how numeracy affects decision‐making in personal health matters (e.g., Aikin, Betts, Kaisler, & Schaefer, ; Garcia‐Retamero, Cokely, & Hoffrage, ) and financial matters (e.g., Estrada‐Mejia, de Vries, & Zeelenberg, ; Traczyk et al, ). However, there is a gap in the literature dealing with other spheres of decision‐making in which numerical information‐processing is also highly relevant, such as the tourism field.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of numeracy and information load in the tourist decision‐making process

Castañeda

Rodríguez‐Molina

Frías‐Jamilena

et al. 2019

Psychology and Marketing

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The aim of the present study is to merge two strands of research that have evolved in tandem (a) the consequences of numeracy; and (b) the effect of information load on the consumer decision‐making process. The study analyses the interaction effect between these two factors on decision accuracy and on a set of cognitive and affective variables of the decision‐making process (namely, confusion, calibration, and emotion). We measured participants' numeracy and used an experimental design to manipulate the information load. The results showed that the effect of numeracy on decision accuracy was entirely mediated by cognitive and affective processes involved in decision‐making. In particular, numeracy was found to have a negative relationship with the level of confusion, calibration, and emotions experienced during the decision‐making process. The results also showed that information load interacted with numeracy, such that individuals with high numeracy maintained lower levels of emotion when placed under conditions of low information load. However, under these same conditions, individuals with low numeracy maintained positive emotions. The findings help to identify approaches that can contribute to reducing the negative effects of low numeracy among consumers, in a context where the online channel predominates (the tourism sector).

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“…Vigilance thus diminishes the cognitive resources needed to overcome numerosity effects. This is where policy is needed as appropriate labeling can clearly communicate nutritional information in a way to improve health outcomes (Aikin et al, 2019). Reviewing the relative prevalence of diet-sensitive illnesses and in the knowledge of the preferred consumption levels of relevant nutrients, we can select units that facilitate beneficial consumer judgments by making use of their natural biases arising from this numerosity effect.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutrition labeling, numerosity effects, and vigilance among diet‐sensitive individuals

Greenacre

Chan

Cohen

2022

Psychology and Marketing

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Numerosity effects have been investigated in the psychology and marketing literatures. While the effects are documented in outcomes including money and temperature judgments, the potential application and effects of numerosity for nutrition labeling remain unexplored. In this work, we propose that vigilance offers one circumstance when individuals might succumb to numerosity effects. Within the context of nutrition labeling, we propose that the increased vigilance that people with diet‐sensitive illnesses have for specific nutrients on nutrition labels, counter‐intuitively, exacerbates the numerosity effect. We demonstrate that those with diabetes and those with hypertension, for example, are more vigilant for information on nutrition labels relevant to their condition, sugar, and salt, and this greater vigilance counterintuitively leads them to exhibit greater numerosity effects for those nutrients, influencing their food perceptions. As an illustration, we find that a person with hypertension would consider a food product with, say, 3 g of sodium to have less sodium content and be more healthful than one with 3000 mg, although the quantities are equivalent. Our research highlights to policymakers that a “one‐size‐fits‐all” solution for nutrition labeling is not appropriate.

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Market claims and efficacy information in direct‐to‐consumer prescription drug print advertisements

Cited by 6 publications

References 21 publications

A Review of Patient-Reported Outcome Labeling of FDA-Approved New Drugs (2016-2020): Counts, Categories, and Comprehensibility

A Review of Patient-Reported Outcome Labeling of FDA-Approved New Drugs (2016-2020): Counts, Categories, and Comprehensibility

The role of numeracy and information load in the tourist decision‐making process

Nutrition labeling, numerosity effects, and vigilance among diet‐sensitive individuals

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