Markers of Thromboembolization in a Bovine Ex Vivo Left Ventricular Assist Device Model

Solen, Kenneth A.; Mohammad, Sameer; Burns, Gregory L.; Pantalos, George M.; Kim, Jungkuk; Peng, Yuling; Pitt, William G.; Reynolds, Larry O.; Olsen, D. B.

doi:10.1097/00002480-199407000-00070

Cited by 15 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Near‐infrared light has traditionally been used as a noninvasive diagnostic tool for clarifying blood components. The light‐scattering microemboli detector is one proposed method for thrombus monitoring, applying a near‐infrared laser or light‐emitting diode and allowing detection of micro‐thrombi in the tube of the extracorporeal circuit . The limitations of this method include single‐point measurement of the circuit, which is not applicable for surveying or imaging thrombus formation inside the pump.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optical Dynamic Analysis of Thrombus Inside a Centrifugal Blood Pump During Extracorporeal Mechanical Circulatory Support in a Porcine Model

Fujiwara¹,

Sakota

Ohuchi

et al. 2017

Artificial Organs

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Complications due to pump thrombus remain the weak point of mechanical circulatory support (MCS), such as the use of a left ventricular assist device (LVAD) or extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, leading to poor outcomes. Hyperspectral imaging (HSI) is an effective imaging method using a hyperspectral (HS) camera, which comprises a spectrophotometer and a charge-coupled device camera to discriminate thrombus from whole blood. Animal experiments were conducted to analyze dynamic imaging of thrombus inside a prototype of a hydrodynamically levitated centrifugal blood pump using an HSI system. Six pigs were divided into a venous circulation group (n = 3) and an arterial circulation group (n = 3). Inflow and outflow cannulae were inserted into the jugular veins in the venous circulation group. The latter simulated an LVAD application. To create thrombogenic conditions, pump flow was maintained at 1 L/min without anticoagulation. An image of the bottom surface of the pump was captured by the HS camera every 4 nm over the wavelength range of 608-752 nm. Real-time dynamic images of the inside of the pump were displayed on the monitor. Appearance of an area displaying thrombus was detected within 24 h after the start of the circulation in every experiment. This imaging system also succeeded in determining the origins of pump thrombus: from inside the pump in two cases, and from outside in four cases. Two main possible sources of pump thrombus originating outside the pump were identified on autopsy: wedge thrombus around the inflow cannula; and string-like thrombus at the junction between the pump inlet and circuit tube. The results of this study from close observation of the changing appearance of pump thrombus may contribute to improvements in the safety of extracorporeal MCS.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optical Dynamic Analysis of Thrombus Inside a Centrifugal Blood Pump During Extracorporeal Mechanical Circulatory Support in a Porcine Model

Fujiwara¹,

Sakota

Ohuchi

et al. 2017

Artificial Organs

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The LSMD was used to study thromboembolic events from left-ventricular assist devices ͑LVADs͒ in a bovine ex vivo model. [21][22][23][24] In one such study, it was found that LVADs generated detectable thromboemboli whose number and size were maximum between 30 and 60 min following implantation of the LVAD. These studies showed that the LSMD may prove useful in the design, optimization, and postoperative management of patients with LVADs.…”

Section: Thromboembolism From Pulsatile Blood Pumps In a Bovine Ex VImentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These methods include postmortem assessment, 16 use of a Coulter counter, 17 use of a filtration method, 18 -20 and use of a light-scattering technique. [21][22][23][24][25] Of these four methods, only the light-scattering technique is capable of continuous, noninvasive ͑non-blood-contacting͒ detection of thromboemboli in whole blood. This relatively inexpensive technique ͑manufacturing cost Ͻ$5,000) is capable of counting and sizing particles as small as 60 m in blood flowing in a 1/16-in.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Light-scattering instrument to detect thromboemboli in blood

et al. 2003

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The characteristics and capabilities of a light-scattering microemboli detector (LSMD) are delineated by detailing its state-of-the-art configuration, by discussing the theoretical and empirical aspects of instrument calibration, and by summarizing various experimental studies that have benefited from this instrument. In the past, thromboembolism, which often results when blood contacts medical devices, has eluded scientific scrutiny due to the absence of instruments that could detect and quantify thromboemboli in circulating blood. More recently, the ability of the LSMD to provide continuous, noninvasive detection of thromboemboli in whole blood (meaning that the LSMD probe does not contact the blood) was exploited in various in vitro and ex vivo models to explore thromboembolic phenomena. Through this work, the LSMD evolved as a sensitive and an economical research tool for the study of thromboembolic phenomena.

show abstract

“…However, due to the slow response time and qualitative nature of conventional methods, it is necessary to find faster and more accurate methods [6,7], especially for longer term use. Therefore, methods of real-time quantitative monitoring for the anticoagulation degree [8] or assessment of the blood-clotting reaction in MCS circuits [9][10][11][12][13] have been studied and developed. However, these methods are not yet suitable for practical clinical use, because they cannot be assembled where the thrombus formation actually occurs in MCS devices during actual clinical use.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of a real-time and quantitative thrombus sensor for an extracorporeal centrifugal blood pump by near-infrared light

Sakota

Fujiwara

Ohuchi

et al. 2017

Biomed. Opt. Express

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

We developed an optical thrombus sensor for a monopivot extracorporeal centrifugal blood pump. In this study, we investigated its quantitative performance for thrombus detection in acute animal experiments of left ventricular assist using the pump on pathogen-free pigs. Optical fibers were set in the driver unit of the pump. The incident light at the near-infrared wavelength of 810 nm was aimed at the pivot bearing, and the resulting scattered light was guided to the optical fibers. The detected signal was analyzed to obtain the thrombus formation level. As a result, real-time and quantitative monitoring of the thrombus surface area on the pivot bearing was achieved with an accuracy of 3.6 ± 2.3 mm. In addition, the sensing method using the near-infrared light was not influenced by changes in the oxygen saturation and the hematocrit. It is expected that the developed sensor will be useful for optimal anticoagulation management for long-term extracorporeal circulation therapies.

show abstract

Markers of Thromboembolization in a Bovine Ex Vivo Left Ventricular Assist Device Model

Cited by 15 publications

References 0 publications

Optical Dynamic Analysis of Thrombus Inside a Centrifugal Blood Pump During Extracorporeal Mechanical Circulatory Support in a Porcine Model

Optical Dynamic Analysis of Thrombus Inside a Centrifugal Blood Pump During Extracorporeal Mechanical Circulatory Support in a Porcine Model

Light-scattering instrument to detect thromboemboli in blood

Development of a real-time and quantitative thrombus sensor for an extracorporeal centrifugal blood pump by near-infrared light

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About