Marked temporal increase in the incidence of type 1 and type 2 diabetes among young adults in Finland

Lammi, N.; Blomstedt, Paul; Moltchanova, Elena; Eriksson, Johan G.; Tuomilehto, Jaakko; Karvonen, Marjatta

doi:10.1007/s00125-008-0952-9

Cited by 53 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 4 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…The new finding of our analyses is that the increasing temporal trend is similarly evident in children and young adults. Therefore, our data are not consistent with the hypothesis of a shift towards a younger age at onset in susceptible people as a possible explanation for the temporal increase of childhood diabetes, as suggested by some [4,5] but not all registries [7,8]. Our data expand current knowledge on this issue to the Mediterranean population, suggesting that ubiquitous environmental determinants affecting both children and young adults born in the last three decades are involved in this phenomenon.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 96%

The incidence of type 1 diabetes is increasing in both children and young adults in Northern Italy: 1984–2004 temporal trends

et al. 2009

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Aims/hypothesis A shift towards younger age at onset of diabetes in susceptible people has been suggested as a possible explanation for the increasing temporal trend in incidence of type 1 diabetes. We aimed to test this hypothesis by assessing trends in incidence rates in the Results A total of 1,773 incident cases were identified. Overall incidence rates/100,000 person-years in the age groups 0-14 and 15-29 years were 11.3 (95% CI 10.7-12.0) and 7.1 (95% CI 6.6-7.7), respectively, with sex differences among young adults only (incidence rate ratio [IRR] in males vs females 1.41 [95% CI 1.20-1.64]). Average annual increases in incidence rates were similar in children and young adults at 3.3% (95% CI 2.5-4.1). Compared with the period 1984-89, in 2000-2004 a 60% higher risk was found in both age 0-14 years (IRR 1.60, 95% CI 1.31-1.95) and 15-29 years (IRR 1.57, 95% CI 1.26-1.96) groups. The Poisson modelling showed no interaction between calendar period and age at onset. Conclusions/interpretation Incidence of type 1 diabetes in Northern Italy is increasing over time in both children and young adults, not supporting the hypothesis of a shift towards younger age as the main explanation for the increasing temporal trend in children.

show abstract

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 96%

The incidence of type 1 diabetes is increasing in both children and young adults in Northern Italy: 1984–2004 temporal trends

et al. 2009

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In contrast, a significant rise (p < 0.001) in incidence rate has been reported among Finnish subjects aged 15–39 years from 1992 to 2001 with an annual increase of 3.9%. This is similar to an observed increase of 4.2% annually among Finnish children younger than 15 years [32]. …”

Section: Why Is the Incidence Rate Of T1d Increasing Among Children Asupporting

confidence: 70%

Pathogenesis of Type 1 Diabetes: Implications for Incidence Trends

Knip

2011

Horm Res Paediatr

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: The incidence of type 1 diabetes (T1D) has increased markedly after World War II among children and adolescents, while the mean age at diagnosis has decreased. These trends support a critical role of exogenous factors in the development of T1D, since genetic factors alone can hardly explain the rapid increase. Evidence supporting a crucial role of environmental determinants in the pathogenesis of T1D includes: (a) the fact that <10% of those with human leukocyte antigen-conferred diabetes susceptibility progress to clinical disease; (b) a pair-wise concordance of T1D of <40% among monozygotic twins; (c) a close to 20-fold difference in the disease incidence among Caucasians living in Europe, and (d) migration studies indicating that the incidence increases in population groups who have moved from a low- to a high-incidence region. Conclusions: Accumulating data suggest that the T1D disease process may be triggered by a diabetogenic enterovirus infection and driven by a dietary antigen. The strongest candidate for the latter is bovine insulin, which differs from human insulin by three amino acids. The increasing disease incidence and decreasing age at diagnosis will culminate in an increased number of patients with a longer disease duration and, eventually, an increased frequency of macro- and microvascular complications if the trend cannot be counteracted by improved metabolic control.

show abstract

“…A significant proportion of new cases of type 1 diabetes are diagnosed after puberty [1,2], and early-onset type 2 diabetes has become an important public health problem worldwide [3]. In Finland, the incidence of both type 1 and type 2 diabetes is increasing rapidly among 15-39-year-old individuals [4]. The possible environmental exposures behind this increase need to be identified.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Childhood BMI trajectories and the risk of developing young adult-onset diabetes

Lammi¹,

Moltchanova²,

Blomstedt³

et al. 2009

Diabetologia

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Aims/hypothesis The aim of this study was to examine the effects of childhood BMI growth dynamics on the risk of developing young adult-onset type 1 and type 2 diabetes. Methods Finnish national healthcare registers were used to identify individuals with diabetes diagnosed between 1992 and 1996 at 15-39 years of age. Non-diabetic control participants were chosen from the National Population Registry. Anthropometric measurements were obtained from the original child welfare clinic records. Only the case-control pairs with sufficient growth data recorded were included in the analyses (218/1,388 for type 1 diabetes [16%] and 64/1,121 for type 2 diabetes [6%]). Two developmental stages in BMI growth (the points of infancy maximum BMI and the BMI rebound) were examined, and conditional logistic regression was applied to the variables of interest.Results The risk for type 1 diabetes increased 1.19-fold per 1 kg/m 2 rise in the infancy maximum BMI (p=0.02). In addition, there was a 1.77-fold increase in the risk for type 2 diabetes per 1 kg/m 2 rise in the level of BMI at the BMI rebound (p=0.04). Higher values of BMI at these points corresponded to a larger BMI gain from birth to that developmental stage. Age at the infancy maximum BMI or age at the BMI rebound did not affect the risk for either type of diabetes. Conclusions/interpretation The BMI gain in infancy among individuals who subsequently developed young adult-onset type 1 diabetes was faster than that of those who remained healthy. The excess BMI gain in individuals who developed young adult-onset type 2 diabetes could already be seen during early childhood.

show abstract

Marked temporal increase in the incidence of type 1 and type 2 diabetes among young adults in Finland

Cited by 53 publications

References 4 publications

The incidence of type 1 diabetes is increasing in both children and young adults in Northern Italy: 1984–2004 temporal trends

The incidence of type 1 diabetes is increasing in both children and young adults in Northern Italy: 1984–2004 temporal trends

Pathogenesis of Type 1 Diabetes: Implications for Incidence Trends

Childhood BMI trajectories and the risk of developing young adult-onset diabetes

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About