Marine Organic Halide and Isoprene Emissions Near Mace Head, Ireland

Abstract

Environmental Context.Atmospheric aerosols have received increasing attention, not only because they include cloud condensation nuclei, essential for precipitation, but also because of their absorption and scattering of radiation, which may affect climate. The process of aerosol formation, however, is not well understood. This paper describes measurements of the fluxes into the atmosphere of several possible biogenic precursors to primary aerosol production. Abstract.Vertical profiles of the concentration of several alkyl halides, as well as isoprene, were made from the surface to 200 m, using a tethered balloon platform, near Mace Head, Ireland in September–October 2003. Profiles indicate a surface source of several alkyl halides. Alkyl halides have been proposed as a source of new particles in the atmosphere. Estimates of emission rates (μg m−2 h−1) were made using a flux-gradient technique for CH2Br2 (0.8), CHBr3 (6), CH2IBr (0.1), CH2I2 (0.1), and isoprene (24).

The composition of nucleation and Aitken modes particles during coastal nucleation events: evidence for marine secondary organic contribution

“…Similar flux values (8.8×10 8 molecules cm −2 s −1 ) were estimated at a nearby site by Greenberg et al (2005). They also measured isoprene air concentrations of 10-160 ppt (median 68 ppt), 7-210 ppt (median 63 ppt), and 7-270 ppt (median 41 ppt) at altitudes of 0 m, 50 m, and 100 m, respectively, at the coast 5 km away from Mace Head.…”

A review on speciation of iodine-129 in the environmental and biological samples

“…The transfer of iodine from the oceans to the atmosphere, and further to the terrestrial environment, is thought to occur primarily through the emission of organic iodine hydrocarbon from the seawater [49]. These volatile organic iodine species were also suggested to contribute to ozone depletions in the lower stratosphere, particularly the marine boundary layer [50][51] and cloud condensation in the lower troposphere [52]. In fresh water, such as rivers, lakes and rain, iodine exists also as iodide, iodate and organic iodine, but the relative concentration of organic iodine is higher compared to seawater [53][54][55][56].…”

Marine aerosol production: a review of the current knowledge

“…They suggested that isoprene was a probable precursor to SOA. In situ (Greenberg et al 2005) and remote-sensing studies (Palmer & Shaw 2005) estimated isoprene fluxes ranging from 10 7 to 10 9 molecules cm K2 s K1 from marine biota which could account for a significant source of SOA. Chamber estimates of the aerosol yield of isoprene are of the order of 1-3% depending on the oxidation conditions (Kroll et al 2005(Kroll et al , 2006.…”