Marine Natural Products and Coronary Artery Disease

Abstract

Coronary artery disease is the major cause of mortality worldwide, especially in low- and middle-income earners. To not only reduce angina symptoms and exercise-induced ischemia but also prevent cardiovascular events, pharmacological intervention strategies, including antiplatelet drugs, anticoagulant drugs, statins, and other lipid-lowering drugs, and renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system blockers, are conducted. However, the existing drugs for coronary artery disease are incomprehensive and have some adverse reactions. Thus, it is necessary to look for new drug research and development. Marine natural products have been considered a valuable source for drug discovery because of their chemical diversity and biological activities. The experiments and investigations indicated that several marine natural products, such as organic small molecules, polysaccharides, proteins, and bioactive peptides, and lipids were effective for treating coronary artery disease. Here, we particularly discussed the functions and mechanisms of active substances in coronary artery disease, including antiplatelet, anticoagulant, lipid-lowering, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant activities.

Frontiers and hotspots evolution in anti-inflammatory studies for coronary heart disease: A bibliometric analysis of 1990–2022

“…Therefore, microbial-targeted therapies, such as probiotics, prebiotics, and synbiotics, have great potential in systemic inflammatory diseases. Besides, there is a class of studies ( 166 – 168 ) focusing on the mechanisms of action of natural products in anti-inflammatory intervention for CHD. Evidence suggests that medical plants’ phenolics, and saponins could reduce inflammatory reactions.…”

Biotechnological Innovations from Ocean: Transpiring Role of Marine Drugs in Management of Chronic Disorders

“…All of these factors help in reducing cardiovascular risks by decreasing lipid concentrations, and fucoxanthin can be used in the management of cardiovascular diseases such as hyperlipidemia, atherosclerosis, coronary artery disease, hypertension, etc. [ 61 ]. The illustration of proteins PPAR-α, carnitine, and p-ACC was promoted by fucoxanthin, which led to decreased expression of fatty acid synthase (FAS) on the liver, thereby decreasing the levels of lipids in the bloodstream.…”

Computer-Aided Drug Design (CADD) to De-Orphanize Marine Molecules: Finding Potential Therapeutic Agents for Neurodegenerative and Cardiovascular Diseases

“…There is great potential to fill these gaps by applying proven drug discovery methods to novel and mechanistically robust targets [43] . In this regard, marine drugs have emerged as potential therapeutic opportunities [26,44,45] . All this makes cardiovascular diseases interesting potential targets for the molecules studied here.…”