Marine natural products

Abstract

This review covers the literature published in 2005 for marine natural products, with 704 citations (493 for the period January to December 2005) referring to compounds isolated from marine microorganisms and phytoplankton, green algae, brown algae, red algae, sponges, coelenterates, bryozoans, molluscs, tunicates and echinoderms. The emphasis is on new compounds (812 for 2005), together with their relevant biological activities, source organisms and country of origin. Biosynthetic studies, first syntheses, and syntheses that lead to the revision of structures or stereochemistries, have been included.

Antibiotic, cytotoxic and enzyme inhibitory activity of crude extracts from Brazilian marine invertebrates

“…herein investigated did not yield any bioactivity, in spite of the genus remarkable occurrence of pyrrole and guanidine bearing alkaloids (Berlinck and Kossuga, 2005;Blunt et al, 2007).…”

“…Sponges of the genus Ircinia are well known producers of furano-or tetronic acid-bearing sesterterpenes and related compounds, which very often present antibiotic activity (reviewed in Blunt et al, 2007). Our screening results indicate that three (BA99-57, BA99-107 and BA99-124) samples of Ircinia displayed good antibacterial activity on S. aureus ATCC 6538, E. coli ATCC 25922 and on S. aureus oxacilinresistant strain # 61, as well as weak activity on the others bacterial strains.…”

“…The storage of biologically active secondary metabolites by marine invertebrates is frequently related to their ecological success, in spite of their exposition to predation, infestation by microbial pathogens, overgrowth, fouling and competition for space and nutrients (reviewed in Amsler et al, 2001;Blunt et al, 2007;Faulkner et al, 2004;Lindquist, 2002;Paul, 1992;Pawlik, 1993;Stachowicz, 2001). Marine sponges, ascidians, soft-bodied cnidaria and bryozoans are representative groups of marine invertebrates which are chemically defended against predators (for selected examples, see Aceret et al, 2001;Becerro et al, 1998;Burns et al, 2003;Chanas et al, 1996;Epifanio et al, 1999a;Epifanio et al, 1999b;Kubanek et al, 2002;Lindel et al, 2000;Lindquist, 1996;Marin et al, 1998;McClintock and Baker, 1997;O'Neal and Pawlik, 2002;Pawlik et al, 1995;Pisut and Pawlik, 2002;Stachowicz and Lindquist, 1997;Van Alstyne et al, 1994;Vervoort et al, 1998;Waddell and Pawlik, 2000), fouling (Becerro et al, 1997;Bhosale et al, 2002;Hattori et al, 2001;Henrikson and Pawlik, 1995;Kelly et al, 2003;Wahl et al, 1994), larval settlement (reviewed in Davis et al, 1989;Fusetani, 1997;Martín and Uriz, 1993;Pawlik, 1992) and solar UV radiation (Bandaranayake e...…”

Organismos marinhos como fonte de novos fármacos: histórico & perspectivas

“…Hoje, e desde o início do século corrente, vem-se testemunhando o que pode configurar o renascimento do campo dos produtos naturais marinhos. [15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23] Os avanços nas técnicas de isolamento e caracterização química, os progressos e a sofisticação dos bioensaios, que se mostram cada vez mais específicos e acurados, receberam, ainda, o reforço de mais um importante grupo de profícuos produtores de moléculas interessantes: os micro-organismos marinhos. 6,[24][25][26] Quase a metade (45%) dos produtos naturais de micro-organismos marinhos foi isolada após o ano 2000, demonstrando o interesse recente nesta área.…”

“…6,[24][25][26] Quase a metade (45%) dos produtos naturais de micro-organismos marinhos foi isolada após o ano 2000, demonstrando o interesse recente nesta área. 22 Os micro-organismos marinhos tiveram implicações revolucionárias nos estudos com produtos naturais, não apenas pela diversidade química mas, principalmente, pela perspectiva de sustentabilidade, associada à possibilidade de fermentação para produção de material suficiente para as etapas pré-clínicas e clínicas do desenvolvimento de fármacos. 27 A Figura 1 resume a evolução no isolamento de produtos naturais marinhos ao longo dos últimos cinquenta anos.…”