Marine Natural Products: Chemical Diversity

Fusetani, Nobuhiro

doi:10.1002/9780470048672.wecb371

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 76 publications

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“…in this study indicates that this sponge species produces broad-spectrum antimicrobial compounds. Sponges of the genus Pseudoceratina contain bromotyrosine alkaloids and sterols of the aplystane type which possess cytotoxic [ 122 , 123 ], antimicrobial [ 124 , 125 ] as well as anti-HIV [ 126 ] and antimalarial [ 127 ] activities. Purealin C and its derivatives, which have been isolated from another Pseudoceratina species, also exhibit broadspectrum antimicrobial activities [ 128 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sponge chemical defenses are a possible mechanism for increasing sponge abundance on reefs in Zanzibar

et al. 2018

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Coral reefs are experiencing increasing anthropogenic impacts that result in substantial declines of reef-building corals and a change of community structure towards other benthic invertebrates or macroalgae. Reefs around Zanzibar are exposed to untreated sewage and runoff from the main city Stonetown. At many of these sites, sponge cover has increased over the last years. Sponges are one of the top spatial competitors on reefs worldwide. Their success is, in part, dependent on their strong chemical defenses against predators, microbial attacks and other sessile benthic competitors. This is the first study that investigates the bioactive properties of sponge species in the Western Indian Ocean region. Crude extracts of the ten most dominant sponge species were assessed for their chemical defenses against 35 bacterial strains (nine known as marine pathogens) using disc diffusion assays and general cytotoxic activities were assessed with brine shrimp lethality assays. The three chemically most active sponge species were additionally tested for their allelopathic properties against the scleractinian coral competitor Porites sp.. The antimicrobial assays revealed that all tested sponge extracts had strong antimicrobial properties and that the majority (80%) of the tested sponges were equally defended against pathogenic and environmental bacterial strains. Additionally, seven out of ten sponge species exhibited cytotoxic activities in the brine shrimp assay. Moreover, we could also show that the three most bioactive sponge species were able to decrease the photosynthetic performance of the coral symbionts and thus were likely to impair the coral physiology.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sponge chemical defenses are a possible mechanism for increasing sponge abundance on reefs in Zanzibar

et al. 2018

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“…The strong reported cytotoxic activities of Callyspongia sp. could be ascribed to the production of alkylpiperidine alkaloids (Fusetani, 2008;Helber et al, 2018) as it was enriched in various pathways for alkaloid biosynthesis (KO00901 and KO00960). Thus, Callyspongia sp.…”

Section: Functional Prediction Of Secondary Metabolite Biosynthesis P...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Sponges from Zanzibar host diverse prokaryotic communities with potential for natural product synthesis

Helber

Steinert

et al. 2019

FEMS Microbiology Ecology

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Sponges are one of the most dominant organisms in marine ecosystems. One reason for their success is their association with microorganisms that are besides the host itself responsible for the chemical defence. Sponge abundances have been increasing on coral reefs in the Western Indian Ocean (WIO) and are predicted to increase further with rising anthropogenic impacts on coral reefs. However, there is a paucity of information on chemical ecology of sponges from the WIO and their prokaryotic community composition. We used a combination of Illumina sequencing and a predictive metagenomic analysis to (1) assess the prokaryotic community composition of sponges from Zanzibar, (2) predict the presence of KEGG metabolic pathways responsible for bioactive compound production and (3) relate their presence to the degree of observed chemical defence in their respective sponge host. We found that sponges from Zanzibar host diverse prokaryotic communities that are host speciesspecific. Sponge-species and respective specimens that showed strong chemical defences in previous studies were also predicted to be highly enriched in various pathways responsible for secondary metabolite production. Hence, the combined sequencing and predictive metagenomic approach proved to be a useful indicator for the metabolic potential of sponge holobionts.

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“…It is also estimated that more than 95% of all life on Earth inhabits the sea, which is populated by up to 100 million distinct species. The oceans, however, still hold many mysteries, as experts suggest that only about 5% of all marine biodiversity is currently known [ 1 ].…”

Section: Marine Algae As a Source Of Bioactive Compoundsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As would be expected, this has made it possible to discover a vast number of bioactive compounds produced by sea organisms. Many of these compounds cannot be found anywhere but the sea [ 1 , 2 ].…”

Section: Marine Algae As a Source Of Bioactive Compoundsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Asparagopsis Genus: What We Really Know About Its Biological Activities and Chemical Composition

2022

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Although the genus Asparagopsis includes only two taxonomically accepted species, the published literature is unanimous about the invasive nature of this genus in different regions of the globe, and about the availability of large amounts of biomass for which it is important to find a commercial application. This review shows that extracts from Asparagospsis species have already been evaluated for antioxidant, antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral, antifouling, cytotoxic, antimethanogenic and enzyme-inhibitory activity. However, the tables presented herein show, with few exceptions, that the activity level displayed is generally low when compared with positive controls. Studies involving pure compounds being identified in Asparagopsis species are rare. The chemical compositions of most of the evaluated extracts are unknown. At best, the families of the compounds present are suggested. This review also shows that the volatile halogenated compounds, fatty acids and sterols that are biosynthesized by the Asparagopsis species are relatively well known. Many other non-volatile metabolites (halogen compounds, flavonoids, other phenolic compounds) seem to be produced by these species, but their chemical structures and properties haven’been investigated. This shows how much remains to be investigated regarding the secondary-metabolite composition of these species, suggesting further studies following more targeted methodologies.

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Marine Natural Products: Chemical Diversity

Cited by 4 publications

References 76 publications

Sponge chemical defenses are a possible mechanism for increasing sponge abundance on reefs in Zanzibar

Sponge chemical defenses are a possible mechanism for increasing sponge abundance on reefs in Zanzibar

Sponges from Zanzibar host diverse prokaryotic communities with potential for natural product synthesis

Asparagopsis Genus: What We Really Know About Its Biological Activities and Chemical Composition

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