Marine heatwaves of sea surface temperature off south Java

Iskandar, Mochamad Riza; Ismail, Mochamad Furqon Azis; Arifin, Taslim; Chandra, Handy

doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e08618

Cited by 21 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…2d, e, f). In accordance to our study, a previous study showed that the average maximum intensity in southern Java from January 1982 to December 2019 reached > 1.8 ℃ (Iskandar et al 2021). Interestingly, we found in the present study that the highest maximum intensity occurred during the warm phase of the PDO when El Niño dominated Indonesian waters (Fig.…”

Section: Characteristics Of Mhws In the Indonesian Waterssupporting

confidence: 93%

Detecting Long-term Characteristics of Marine Heatwaves (1982–2021) in the Indonesian Waters

Beliyana

Ningsih

Gunawan

et al. 2023

Preprint

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In this paper, we investigate the characteristics of marine heatwaves (MHWs) (i.e. frequency, maximum intensity, and duration of occurrences) in Indonesian waters and the mechanisms underlying the formation of MHWs generated by local forcing. The study utilizes the remote sensing data from National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Optimum Interpolation Sea Surface Temperature (OISST) dataset for SST and the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) reanalysis data (ERA5) for net surface heat flux components (shortwave radiation, longwave radiation, sensible heat flux, and latent heat flux), wind speed, and total cloud cover. The data covered a period within the last 40 years (1982–2021) during the warm (1982–2007) and cold (2008–2021) phases of the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO) and were processed by statistical analysis methods. This study clearly reveals the highest average frequency and duration of MHWs in the Indonesian waters which were around 3–5 times a year and 10–20 days, respectively, occurring during the cold phase of PDO. Meanwhile, the highest maximum intensity of MHWs in the Indonesian waters was around > 1.5°C during the warm phase of PDO (El Niño dominated in Indonesia) generated by the local net surface heat flux. The most dominant contributors of net surface heat flux were high shortwave radiation (heat gain) and low latent heat flux (heat loss) through the evaporation process, thus keeping the ocean warm. Moreover, this study highlights the highest maximum intensity of MHWs which could reach > 3°C along western Sumatra to southern Java and waters around Papua when El Niño and positive Indian Ocean Dipole (pIOD) occur together. In contrast, the lowest maximum intensity of MHWs in the Indonesian waters occurred when La Niña was happening simultaneously with negative IOD (nIOD).

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Section: Characteristics Of Mhws In the Indonesian Waterssupporting

confidence: 93%

Detecting Long-term Characteristics of Marine Heatwaves (1982–2021) in the Indonesian Waters

Beliyana

Ningsih

Gunawan

et al. 2023

Preprint

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“…Moreover, along the entire length of the BoB, MHWs tend to occur at nearly the same time. In this region, the intensity of MHWs is also predicted to increase 69 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Analysis of marine heatwaves over the Bay of Bengal during 1982–2021

Kumar,

Chakraborty,

Chandrakar

et al. 2023

Sci Rep

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Anomalous increase in sea surface temperature and its impact on natural ecosystems greatly interests the research community. Here we investigate the causes, impacts, and trends of marine heat wave (MHW) events in the Bay of Bengal (BoB) from 1982 to 2021. A total of 107 MHW events have been isolated (> 90th percentile threshold) in this Indian Ocean region, and their variation in intensity, duration, and frequency has been investigated. Our research unveils that an average of three MHW events/year accompanied by a linearly increasing trend of 1.11 MHW events/decade has been observed over the study region. It was also found that the most intense event was observed in 2016, which continued for 69 days, and had a maximum intensity of 5.29 °C and a mean intensity of 2.03 °C (above climatology mean). Moreover, it was observed that the net heat flux, along with anticyclonic eddies, was the primary cause of MHW events. Anticyclonic eddies associated with positive sea surface height anomaly were observed (> 0.20 m) in the vicinity of the most intense MHW event. Additionally, climate change and climate modes like El Niño and Indian Ocean Dipole show a high positive influence on the MHW events. Furthermore, we have examined the MHW event recurrence patterns in various regions of the BoB. From the monthly analysis, it was found that August and November had the most occurrences of MHWs, while April and May had the most extreme MHW events.

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“…Located between two oceans, which are the Indian ocean and the Pacific ocean, the strength of the South Java upwelling can be affected by oceanic and atmospheric dynamics such as monsoons (Wyrtki, 1962;Duan et al, 2019), tides (Ffield and Gordon, 1996;Rudiastuti et al, 2019), the Madden-Julian Oscillation (MJO) (Duan et al, 2019), Kelvin and Rossby waves (Cipollini et al, 2001;Iskandar, 2005;Menezes and Vianna, 2019;Pujiana and McPhaden, 2020;Syamsudin, 2004), the Pacific to Indian ocean water masses flowing through the Indonesian archipelagos called the Indonesian Through Flow (ITF) (Cipollini et al, 2001;Menezes and Vianna, 2019), the South Java Coastal Current (SJCC) (Soeriaatmadja, 1957;Quadfasel & Cresswell, 1992;Sprintall et al, 1999;Gingele et al, 2002;Utari et al, 2019), South Equatorial Current (SEC) (Ningsih et al, 2020), eddies Yang et al, 2019;Ismail et al, 2021), marine heatwaves (Iskandar et al, 2021), the Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) (Saji et al, 1999;Gualdi et al, 2003;Wirasatriya et al, 2020), and El Niño/Southern Oscillation (Susanto and Gordon, 2001; ENSO; e.g. Gualdi et al, 2003;Susanto et al, 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Comparison of the Three Upwelling Indices in the South Java Sea Shelf

Budiman¹,

Bengen²,

Nurjaya³

et al. 2022

CMUJNS

Self Cite

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Upwelling plays a crucial role in driving cross-shelf circulation between the continental shelf and boundary currents. It is well known that upwelling results in the exchange of heat, nutrients, fish larvae, and other properties. It controls primary productivity, which promotes higher trophic levels and fisheries. Upwelling can be identified by at least three physical variables: wind, sea surface temperature (SST), and chlorophyll-a (Chl-a). The intensity of upwelling can then be calculated using the Upwelling Index (UI), which is based on these three variables. Wind-based UI (UIET), SST-based UI (UISST), and Chl-a-based UI (UICHL) were calculated using satellite-derived and reanalysis data from 2002 to 2017. Those three UIs were analyzed spatially and temporarily to determine the differences in upwelling strength and duration. The most appropriate UI for explaining the South Java upwelling system in our domain was determined through the correlation analysis. The monthly mean climatology of all UI (UIET, UISST, and UICHL) reveals the seasonal variation, which is high during the southeast (SE) monsoon. The strongest correlation between UISST and Chl-a with the smallest lag times suggested that South Java upwelling in our domain can be identified better using SST-based UI (UISST) than through the Ekman mass transport-based UIET, particularly in the east, relevant to the earlier study. Keywords: Chlorophyll-a, Upwelling Indexes, South Java Upwelling

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Marine heatwaves of sea surface temperature off south Java

Cited by 21 publications

References 46 publications

Detecting Long-term Characteristics of Marine Heatwaves (1982–2021) in the Indonesian Waters

Detecting Long-term Characteristics of Marine Heatwaves (1982–2021) in the Indonesian Waters

Analysis of marine heatwaves over the Bay of Bengal during 1982–2021

A Comparison of the Three Upwelling Indices in the South Java Sea Shelf

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