Marine environment pollution: The contribution of mass spectrometry to the study of seawater

Magi, Emanuele; Carro, Marina Di

doi:10.1002/mas.21521

Cited by 35 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 161 publications

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“…While the GC/MS method reliably identified emerging pollutants desorbed from the thallus of D. marginata, the HPLC/MS procedure, assisted by spectral deconvolution, proved to be a valuable tool for identifying non-metallic, polar, non-volatile and thermally unstable environmental contaminants. These types of compounds are often present in minute quantities in samples with a profuse mixture of compounds (Magi & Di Carro 2016, Martín et al 2017.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dichotomaria marginata (Rhodophyta) as a bioindicator for marine pollution: An overview about its metabolites and adsorbed pollutants

Garcia

Stein

Villela

et al. 2020

RBMO

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Macroalgae are considered bioindicators for marine pollution, because they have the ability to quickly react to changes in their environment. In consequence, macroalgae populations fluctuate, according to species characteristics and adaptive strategies. Their cell wall polysaccharides contain sulfate groups that are capable of retaining and accumulating heavy metals. In addition to traditional contaminants, emerging pollutants are being recognized in aquatic environments. Herein, emerging pollutants have been identified after being desorbed from the macroalga Dichotomaria marginata, collected from Fortaleza Beach, Ubatuba, Brazil. Based on that algal polysaccharide networks have the potential of forming hydrogen bonds with polar compounds, it was hypothesized that these pollutants would be bound to sugar polymers. Compounds present in the D. marginata samples were identified using both gas and liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS and HPLC/MS), assisted by computational methods. It was possible to unequivocally identify 22 emerging contaminants with GC/MS, and 16 substances with HPLC/MS.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dichotomaria marginata (Rhodophyta) as a bioindicator for marine pollution: An overview about its metabolites and adsorbed pollutants

Garcia

Stein

Villela

et al. 2020

RBMO

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“…This incredible chemical diversity, including myriads of potential degradation products, makes it challenging for eco-toxicologists to monitor and evaluate the impacts of all possible pollutants. Irrespective of this, the identity and abundance of chemical pollutants are mainly established using targeted mass spectrometry (MS) methods for routine monitoring 11,12 . For example, the Clean Water Act of the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) in the United States recommends monitoring 126 compounds 13 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Non-targeted tandem mass spectrometry enables the visualization of organic matter chemotype shifts in coastal seawater

Petras¹,

Minich²,

Cancelada³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Anthropogenic pollutants inundate marine ecosystems as human population growth and urbanization rapidly increase along the coast. The analytical methods applied to detect anthropogenic imprints in coastal seawater are historically aimed at measuring and monitoring a restricted number of compounds. More recently applied non-targeted approaches are typically still limited by spectral and structure library coverage. To prioritize anthropogenic impacts in marine systems beyond compounds present in libraries and suspect lists, we applied non-targeted liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry in combination with molecular networking. We integrated an advanced data analysis pipeline that allows scalable comparison of chemotypes between samples in addition to expanded compound annotation using molecular networking. Using this workflow, we explored the chemical impacts of a major rain event in January 2018 in coastal San Diego, USA in a total of 120 samples. We detected 4384 ion features and could annotate 92 MS/MS spectra by spectrum library matching of which 40 annotations were putative xenobiotics. The observed seawater chemotype shifted significantly after the rain event. Molecular drivers of this shift could be attributed to multiple anthropogenic compounds, such as pesticides (Imazapyr and Isoxaben), cleaning products (Benzyl-tetradecyl-dimethylammonium) and chemical additives (Hexa(methoxymethyl)melamine). Expanding the search of identified xenobiotics to other public tandem mass spectrometry datasets, we could further contextualize their possible origin and show their potential importance in other ecosystems. Ultimately, the mass spectrometry and data analysis pipelines applied here offer a scalable framework for future molecular mapping and monitoring of marine ecosystems, which we hope will contribute to a more deliberate assessment of how chemical pollution impacts marine environments.

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“…So far, hundreds of these contaminants have been studied in detail and regulated on basis of their well-known toxicity and/or other negative environmental impacts. However, a current trend of environmental emphasis is the so-called “emerging pollutants”, defined as newly identified or previously unrecognized contaminants 1 (e.g., perfluorinated compounds (PFCs) 2 , pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) 3 and chlorination disinfection by-products (CDBPs) 4 ). Environmentally persistent free radicals (EPFRs) are a new class of emerging pollutants 5 which have attracted the attention of scientists increasingly.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing the effect on the generation of environmentally persistent free radicals in hydrothermal carbonization of sewage sludge

Zhu

Wei

Liu

et al. 2019

Sci Rep

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Environmentally persistent free radicals (EPFRs) have attracted increasing research interest in recent years. Herein, the generation of EPFRs during the hydrothermal carbonization of sewage sludge (SS) was studied. First, the surface morphology, functional groups, constituent elements and free radicals were characterized for a holistic description of the raw SS and the selected hydrochar obtained from hydrothermal carbonization of SS (SHC). Then, the impact of hydrothermal temperature, residence time and initial pH on the formation of EPFRs was explored in detail through the investigation of g-factors and intensities of EPFRs identified in SHC. The results have shown that the formation of EPFRs was affected by the factors mentioned above, in which the impact of temperature is the greatest. Two types of EPFRs were spotted in the hydrochar, oxygen-centered (O-centered) and carbon-centered (C-centered) EPFRs, which were caught in 120–150 °C and 260–280 °C, respectively. Moreover, the intensities of Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (EPR) signals enhanced with increasing hydrothermal temperature. Whereas, residence time and initial pH only affected the amount of EPFRs in a manner. Additionally, the half-life of the O-centered EPFRs and the C-centered EPFRs was determined as long as 160.45 days and 401.10 days, respectively, indicating that EPFRs are stable in a long time.

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Marine environment pollution: The contribution of mass spectrometry to the study of seawater

Cited by 35 publications

References 161 publications

<i>Dichotomaria marginata</i> (Rhodophyta) as a bioindicator for marine pollution: An overview about its metabolites and adsorbed pollutants

<i>Dichotomaria marginata</i> (Rhodophyta) as a bioindicator for marine pollution: An overview about its metabolites and adsorbed pollutants

Non-targeted tandem mass spectrometry enables the visualization of organic matter chemotype shifts in coastal seawater

Assessing the effect on the generation of environmentally persistent free radicals in hydrothermal carbonization of sewage sludge

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