Marine Compounds as a New Source for Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 Inhibitors

Meridianins and Lignarenone B as Potential GSK3β Inhibitors and Inductors of Structural Neuronal Plasticity

“…To do so, the flexibility of the loop is necessary, and this is translated into high RMSF values of these residues and those next to them, as can be seen on peak 2 and the peak on the residue 66 during the binding of the meridianins and lignarenone B to the substrate pocket. It is worth to mention that although these results are very promising and are in agreement with the literature, the binding of meridianins to GSK3β has been proved as well as the binding of similar molecules to lignarenone B, further experimental validation is still needed to validate the in silico results [31,90,91].…”

Glycogen Synthase Kinase-3 (GSK-3)-Targeted Therapy and Imaging

“…Conde et al 85 identified two new classes of molecules as non-ATP competitive inhibitors of GSK-3β: chloromethyl thienyl ketones and halomethyl phenyl ketones. In addition to the forementioned compounds there are a few natural products ( 90 - 92 ) reported as non-ATP competitive inhibitors as listed in Table 13 86 - 88 . Among these, the β-carboline alkaloid Manzamine A ( 92 ) showed a high degree of selectivity towards GSK-3β as demonstrated by Hamann et al 89 Manzamine was isolated from the sponges found in the Indo-pacific regions 86 , 90 .…”

“…In addition to the forementioned compounds there are a few natural products ( 90 - 92 ) reported as non-ATP competitive inhibitors as listed in Table 13 86 - 88 . Among these, the β-carboline alkaloid Manzamine A ( 92 ) showed a high degree of selectivity towards GSK-3β as demonstrated by Hamann et al 89 Manzamine was isolated from the sponges found in the Indo-pacific regions 86 , 90 . Palinurin ( 90 ) and Tricantin ( 91 ) are furano sesquiterpenoids isolated from Mediterranean sponges 28 .…”

Marine pharmacology in 2005–6: Marine compounds with anthelmintic, antibacterial, anticoagulant, antifungal, anti-inflammatory, antimalarial, antiprotozoal, antituberculosis, and antiviral activities; affecting the cardiovascular, immune and nervous systems, and other miscellaneous mechanisms of action

“…Several reviews covering both general and specific subject areas of marine pharmacology were published during 2005–6: (a) general marine pharmacology : biodiversity as a continuing source of novel drug leads [136]; international collaboration in drug discovery and development [137]; indole alkaloid marine natural products as a promising source of new drug leads for multiple disease categories [138]; the biopotential of marine actinomycete diversity and natural product discovery [139]; the renaissance of natural products as drug candidates [140]; bioactive compounds from cyanobacteria and microalgae [141]; drug discovery from natural sources [142]; a new resource for drug discovery: marine actinomycete bacteria [143]; bioactive compounds from marine processing byproducts [144]; implications of marine biotechnology on drug discovery [145]; (b) antimicrobial marine pharmacology: advances in antimicrobial and antiangiogenic pharmacology of squalamine [146]; marine natural products as anti-infective agents [147]; chemotyping/metabolomics use for metabolite profiling in microbial drug discovery [148]; the status of natural products from fungi and their potential as anti-infective agents [149]; (c) cardiovascular pharmacology : dietary long-chain omega-3 fatty acids of marine origin and their protective cardiovascular effects [150]; (d) antituberculosis, antimalarial and antifungal marine pharmacology: compounds for infectious diseases [151]; marine natural products against tuberculosis [152]; (e) antiviral marine pharmacology: antiviral activities of polysaccharides from natural sources [153]; antiplasmodial marine natural products in the perspective of current chemotherapy and prevention of malaria [154]; (f) anti-inflammatory marine pharmacology : therapeutic potential of the antioxidative properties of coelenterazine, a marine bioluminescent substrate [155]; chemistry and biology of anti-inflammatory marine phospholipase A 2 inhibitors [156]; the structures, biosynthesis and pharmacology of the marine natural products of Pseudopterogoria elisabethae [157]; chemistry and biology of anti-inflammatory marine natural products [158]; marine sponge metabolites for the control of inflammatory diseases [159]; antioxidant metabolites from marine derived fungi [160]; (g) nervous system marine pharmacology : marine compounds for the treatment of neurological disorders [161]; potential candidates for Alzheimer’s disease [151]; novel pain relief via marine snails [162]; bryostatin-1: pharmacology and therapeutic potential as a CNS drug [163], and (h) miscellaneous molecular targets : V-ATPases as drug targets [164]; topoisomerase inhibitors of marine origin [165]; enzyme inhibitors from marine actinomycetes [166]; marine compounds as a new source for glycogen kinase 3 inhibitors [167]. …”