Mapping urban resilience to disasters – A review

Cariolet, Jean-Marie; Vuillet, Marc; Diab, Youssef

doi:10.1016/j.scs.2019.101746

Cited by 163 publications

(74 citation statements)

References 66 publications

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“…In the urban resilience perspective, the adopted definition of resilience focuses on how a city can absorb and adapt to external pressures during any crisis, hazards or disasters ( Rus, Kilar, & Koren, 2018 ; Zhu, Li, & Feng, 2019 ). Specifically, Meerow, Newell, and Stults, 2016 , page 39) define urban resilience as how an urban system can “maintain or rapidly return to desired functions in the face of a disturbance, to adapt to change, and to quickly transform systems that limit current or future adaptive capacity” ( Cariolet, Vuillet, & Diab, 2019 ).…”

Section: Literature Review and Hypothesis Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

What determines city’s resilience against epidemic outbreak: evidence from China’s COVID-19 experience

Chen¹,

Guo

Pan³

et al. 2021

Sustainable Cities and Society

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By employing the city-level data from China during the spring of 2020, this study investigates the relationship between city-level resilience against the outbreak of COVID-19 pandemics and its affecting factors, including the inflow risk pressure of COVID-19 virus (population inflow from the epicenter), city agglomeration characteristics (urban population density and city size), healthcare resource adequacy, among others. The results reveal that, while managing COVID-19 inflow risk pressure plays a critical role in the city’s pandemic disaster resilience. city agglomeration characteristics also matters. To be exact, we find that large and high-density cities with high inter and intra-city mobility flows have more difficulties in containing the epidemic spread, but improving healthcare infrastructure adequacy and urban governance capacity can increase time efficacy of pandemic control and then improve the city’s resilience against pandemic. Although our analysis is based on the performance of Chinese cities in the case of COVID-19, the research framework can be applied in understanding COVID-19 control performance of cities in other countries and the findings can be useful for improving health-related urban resilience and sustainability.

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Section: Literature Review and Hypothesis Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

What determines city’s resilience against epidemic outbreak: evidence from China’s COVID-19 experience

Chen¹,

Guo

Pan³

et al. 2021

Sustainable Cities and Society

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“…In 2010, although Renschler et al proposed that GIS plays a major role in assessing system resilience, there is no clear method on how to apply it in practice [11]. Cariolet et al filled this gap and developed methodologies for mapping urban resilience to disaster [12]. This is an important step in promoting the wide-ranging application of advanced techniques in urban resilience research.…”

Section: Resiliencementioning

confidence: 99%

Resilience Assessment of Complex Urban Public Spaces

Wang

2020

IJERPH

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Risk events frequently occur in “complex urban public spaces” (CUPSs) and cause serious economic losses and casualties. To reduce the risks and enhance the system resilience, this paper formulates a theoretical framework to assess the resilience of CUPSs. Resilience is defined as the ratio of preparedness to vulnerability, according to the implication of the concept. Three-level practical indicator systems were established for these two dimensions, respectively. Furthermore, a hybrid approach combining the Analytic Network Process (ANP) and the Decision-Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory (DEMATEL) was adopted. The Chongqing West Railway Station (the Station (W)) and the Lianglukou Rail Transit Station (the Station (L)) were used for a case study. The results showed that the Chongqing West Railway Station was more resilient to risks than the Lianglukou Rail Transit Station. Therefore, the proposed theoretical framework could be applied in assessing the resilience level of CUPSs. Resilience improvement strategies can be formulated according to the assessment results. Furthermore, the practical indicators could also provide references for urban disaster management.

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“…When it comes to mapping the urban resilience to disasters, Cariolet et al [5] note that some researches concentrate on mapping urban adaptive resilience, which, according to Cutter's definition [37], involves measuring the impact of, and the recovery trajectory after, a disastrous event; whereas others focus on mapping the urban inherent resilience capacity, considering the characteristics that determine the ability of a system to absorb, recover from and adapt to change, using a set of resilience indices. Overall, the authors identify a lack of studies validating analytical top-down methods for mapping the ex-ante urban inherent resilience capacity, based on empirical observations of the ex-post situation.…”

Section: Resilience Indicesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although some related concepts have been transferred to multilateral risk management and urban disaster mitigation policies such as [3], urban resilience principles are yet to be fully operationalised [4]. Indeed, the plethora of existing definitions of urban and community resilience generates ambiguities (e.g., confusion between urban resilience and urban vulnerability mapping [5]) which impact on the creation, use and output interpretation of urban analysis models, simulation tools and connected Decision Support Systems (DSS). However, urban resilience-thinking [6] and novel sustainable urban planning approaches based on urban systems' performance, such as Performance-Based Planning (PBP) [7] and Adaptive Planning and Management (APM) [8], require the support of a rich toolkit of such planning instruments that is fully operational.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Street Network Resilience Put to the Test: The Dramatic Crash of Genoa and Bologna Bridges

Cutini

Pezzica

2020

Sustainability

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Various hazards and endemic threats are increasingly looming over cities, leading planners to rely on a rich toolbox of flexible and inclusive planning instruments and methods, capable of dealing with unpredicted events or sudden urban contingencies, when seeking sustainable urban futures. While sustainability-oriented innovative planning approaches are gaining momentum, ways to embed connected concepts in operational planning and design decision support systems have yet to be fully developed and validated. This paper tackles this issue by proposing and testing, in a real-life scenario, a method for the computational analysis of street network resilience, based on Space Syntax theory. The method is suitable to quantify the capacity of urban grids to absorb sudden disturbances and adapt to change, and to offer support for mitigation decisions and their communication to the public. It presents a set of configurational resilience indices, whose reliability is qualitatively assessed considering the ex-ante and ex-post urban configurations generated by two exceptional and dramatic bridge crashes. These events occurred almost simultaneously in two Italian cities with peculiarly similar characteristics. The results confirm the value of the proposal and highlight urban form, and particularly its grid, as a key driver in building urban resilience, together with the self-organisation capacity of local communities.

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Mapping urban resilience to disasters – A review

Cited by 163 publications

References 66 publications

What determines city’s resilience against epidemic outbreak: evidence from China’s COVID-19 experience

What determines city’s resilience against epidemic outbreak: evidence from China’s COVID-19 experience

Resilience Assessment of Complex Urban Public Spaces

Street Network Resilience Put to the Test: The Dramatic Crash of Genoa and Bologna Bridges

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