“…Furthermore, researchers have called for the centrality of studying historical agency as a way to improve students' democratic action, participation, and decision-making in the present (Barton, 2010(Barton, , 2011den Heyer, 2003;Peck, Poyntz, & Seixas, 2011). Still, Levstik and Barton (2011) argued that little to no research exists that investigates students' understanding of historical agency as it relates to the consideration of their own agency in the present and den Heyer (2012) pointed out that there is a lack of research that examines the complexities and dimensions of agency as well as its connection to historical understanding and social change. Moreover, there is a lack of research on the ways in which historical agency and gender intersect and how these understandings might contribute to a more inclusive history curriculum.…”