Mapping and historical reconstruction of the great Mexican 22 June 1932 tsunami

Corona, Néstor; Ramírez‐Herrera, María Teresa

doi:10.5194/nhess-12-1337-2012

Cited by 15 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…The PV estuary may be considered as well suited for tsunami deposit studies because it provides a vast amount of information which may be retrieved from a survey performed after the 1932 earthquake and tsunami [ Cumming , ; Corona and Ramírez‐Herrera , ] and from an investigation of the well‐preserved geological signatures of past tsunamis that has identified the 1932 and a predecessor tsunami [ Ramírez‐Herrera et al ., ]. In addition, Corona and Ramírez‐Herrera [] and Ramírez‐Herrera et al . [] reported tsunami‐scour fans connected with the over‐wash flow in Cuyutlán, broken dune features formed by tsunami erosion, and remnant pedestals located in the estuary a few hundred meters inland.…”

Section: Geological Setting and Sample Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…More recently, on October 1995, an Mw 8.0 earthquake hit the southern coast of Colima (Figure a). All of the above mentioned earthquakes produced tsunamis [ Cumming , ; Sánchez and Farreras , ; Corona and Ramírez‐Herrera , ]. However, the 22 June 1932 event (the second most destructive recorded in the Pacific coast of Mexico) caused an abnormally large one, considering its Ms 6.9 magnitude [ Okal and Borrero , ; Corona and Ramírez‐Herrera , ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Magnetic signature of the 22June 1932 tsunami deposits (Jalisco,MexicanPacific coast)

Bógalo

Ramírez‐Herrera

Goguitchaichvili

et al. 2017

Geochem Geophys Geosyst

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Recent studies have demonstrated that rock‐magnetic analysis may provide additional information to distinguish and characterize extreme marine inundation events such as tsunamis. Rock‐magnetic proxies reinforce and improve the environmental evidences supplied by other methods, adding some decisive clues for the interpretation of the origin and genesis of the sedimentary deposits. Here we report rock‐magnetic, XRD, and SEM microscopy results obtained in the Palo Verde estuary (Colima Pacific coast, Mexico) in order to enhance the tools for identification and reconstruction of two tsunami‐induced deposits. The sedimentary sequence includes two sand units, a tsunami deposit (PV1) associated with the 22 June 1932 tsunami and a deeper sandy layer (PV2) related to a possible paleotsunami that occurred around 1300 C.E. Both sandy units are topped by finer grained units. Magnetic properties exhibit a significant correlation with the stratigraphy. High susceptibility (χ) and high saturation isothermal remanence (SIRM) values typical of high concentrations of (titano)magnetite are a distinctive feature of the most recent sandy tsunamigenic unit PV1 and the overlaying soil. The lower sandy tsunamigenic unit PV2 shows significantly lower χ and SIRM values, indicating lower concentration of (titano)magnetite in this unit and the overlaying clayey‐silt unit. The latter also shows a higher coercivity component associated with (titano)hematite. Magnetic grain‐size differences are also observed between PV1 and PV2 suggesting differences in hydraulic conditions at the time of deposition. The bulk mineralogical composition and sediment texture of these units also support the hypothesis of different provenances for each tsunamigenic unit as inferred from magnetic properties.

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Section: Geological Setting and Sample Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Magnetic signature of the 22June 1932 tsunami deposits (Jalisco,MexicanPacific coast)

Bógalo

Ramírez‐Herrera

Goguitchaichvili

et al. 2017

Geochem Geophys Geosyst

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“…Regarding natural events the great earthquake of 1932 was one of the largest to strike Mexico since the dawn of instrumental seismology (Okal and Borrero, 2011). Historical records showed the damage of the entire town of Cuyutlán by the arrival of the tsunami triggered by this earthquake (Corona and Ramírez-Herrera, 2012). The dramatic peak in CC at the top of the core (zone Z-6) probably reflects the marine intrusion event caused by the 1932 tsunami.…”

Section: The Manzanillo Port Opening and The Tsunami Earthquake Of 1932mentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental History of Mangrove Vegetation in Pacific West-Central Mexico during the Last 1300 Years

et al. 2016

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Mangroves are a highly threatened ecosystem due to climate change and human activity, which increases coastal vulnerability. Knowledge about the ecological dynamics of mangroves on a centennial timescale can reveal the different responses in vegetation, which is useful for implementing basic actions for mangrove restoration, conservation and management. A mangrove ecosystem in the Cuyutlán Lagoon area along the Pacific coast of west-central Mexico is significantly altered as a result of industrialization, salt extraction, and road construction. The long-term dynamics of the mangrove ecosystem has also been controlled by Holocene climatic variability. This study reconstructs the environmental history of mangrove vegetation around the Cuyutlán Lagoon during the last ∼1300 years in response to periods of human activity and climate change. The reconstruction was performed using paleoecological techniques in sediment cores that include the use of fossil pollen as a proxy for vegetation and magnetic susceptibility and geochemical data (determined by loss-on-ignition and X-ray fluorescence) as a proxy for past environmental changes. The chronology was determined using 14 C dating and the age-depth model was constructed by linear interpolation. Redundancy analysis and non-metric multidimensional scaling (NMDS) were used to discern patterns of distribution of the different proxies. Results revealed that the mangrove pollen assemblage of the Cuyutlán Lagoon was dominated by the arboreal taxa Rhizophora mangle, Euphorbiaceae, Moraceae, and Pinaceae, herbaceous taxa like Poaceae, Chenopodiaceae/Amaranthaceae, and aquatics such as Typhaceae and Cyperaceae. NMDS showed a clear separation between two events of human activity-the Spanish Occupation of Colima (∼AD 1523-1524) and the opening of the Manzanillo port (∼AD 1824-1825). Climate change events such as the Medieval Climate Anomaly (MCA) (∼AD 800-1200) and the Little Ice Age (LIA) (∼AD 1350-1850) were also successfully identified. The main responses were mangrove expansion (driven by R. mangle) during the LIA and the Manzanillo Port Opening, while the MCA was a highly perturbed period marked by multiple hurricane events and low or no pollen deposition in the sediment. During the Spanish Occupation, the aquatic taxa Typhaceae expanded together with an increase in Ca, Sr and carbonate contents.

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“…Mexico’s Pacific Coast is frequently affected by tsunamis, many of which can cause marine inundations reaching many kilometers inland and result in significant societal damages and geomorphological changes [ 1 , 2 ]. Globally, many studies have examined sedimentary units deposited via historic or prehistoric tsunami run-ups in order to identify their sedimentological characteristics and spatial extent [ 3 – 7 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Re-Evaluating the Geological Evidence for Late Holocene Marine Incursion Events along the Guerrero Seismic Gap on the Pacific Coast of Mexico

2016

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Despite the large number of tsunamis that impact Mexico’s Pacific coast, stratigraphic studies focusing on geological impacts are scanty, making it difficult to assess the long-term risks for this vulnerable region. Surface samples and six cores were taken from Laguna Mitla near Acapulco to examine sedimentological and geochemical evidence for marine incursion events. Sediment cores collected from behind the beach barrier are dominated by intercalated layers of peat and inorganic sediments, mostly silt and clay, with little or no sand. Sand- and shell-rich clastic layers with high levels of sulfur, calcium, and strontium only occur adjacent to the relict beach ridge remnants near the center of the lagoon. With the exception of one thin fine sand layer, the absence of sand in the near-shore cores and the predominance of the terrigenous element titanium in the inorganic layers, evidently eroded from the surrounding hillslopes, suggests that these large-grained intervals do not represent episodic marine incursions, but rather were likely formed by the erosion and redeposition of older marine deposits derived from the beach ridge remnants when water levels were high. These results do not support the occurrence of a large tsunami event at Laguna Mitla during the Late Holocene.

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Mapping and historical reconstruction of the great Mexican 22 June 1932 tsunami

Cited by 15 publications

References 51 publications

Magnetic signature of the 22June 1932 tsunami deposits (Jalisco,MexicanPacific coast)

Magnetic signature of the 22June 1932 tsunami deposits (Jalisco,MexicanPacific coast)

Environmental History of Mangrove Vegetation in Pacific West-Central Mexico during the Last 1300 Years

Re-Evaluating the Geological Evidence for Late Holocene Marine Incursion Events along the Guerrero Seismic Gap on the Pacific Coast of Mexico

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