“…The Canonical Biplot is equivalent to MANOVA analysis (Multivariate Analysis of Variance), but it includes all the characteristics of the Biplot method (Gabriel, 1971(Gabriel, , 1972(Gabriel, , 1995, which is aimed at discriminating the set of groups of previously established populations. This technique was later developed and completed (Amaro, 2004;Galindo, 1986;Vicente-Villardón, 2012), and applied to the field of cultural heritage conservation (Iñigo et al, 2004;Varas et al, 2005;Vicente and VicenteTavera, 2001). …”
Section: Methodsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Colour is a parameter that must be currently controlled to monitor the quality a quarry rock when it is used in a monument, both as regards its deterioration due to environmental (Sebastián-Pardo and Zezza, 1998;Zezza, 2002a) and microenvironmental factors in certain zones of buildings (Zezza, 2002b) and after the application of conservation treatments (García-Talegón et al, 1998;Iñigo et al, 1997Iñigo et al, , 2004). …”
In the present work we determined the chromatic coordinates (L*,a*,b*) and ultrasound propagation speeds on the three spatial planes (V x ,V y ,V z ) of three ornamental granites (Aqueduct of Segovia, Spain) before, during, and after being subjected to 70 cycles of two types of accelerated ageing (typical of cold regions): a) freezing/thawing and cooling/heating (T1), and b) freezing/thawing and cooling/heating + salt crystallization (T2). A multivariate technique (Canonical Biplot) was applied to the data obtained, with the observation of significant variations between the two types of accelerated artificial ageing as compared with those obtained in quarry rock in the three chromatic *Manuscript Click here to view linked References 2 coordinates (L*,a*,b*). With regard to the ultrasound propagation speed, we only detected differences in the results of the T2 artificial ageing treatment with respect to those of quarry rock. This fact is confirmed by the estimated data of resistance to compression.
“…The Canonical Biplot is equivalent to MANOVA analysis (Multivariate Analysis of Variance), but it includes all the characteristics of the Biplot method (Gabriel, 1971(Gabriel, , 1972(Gabriel, , 1995, which is aimed at discriminating the set of groups of previously established populations. This technique was later developed and completed (Amaro, 2004;Galindo, 1986;Vicente-Villardón, 2012), and applied to the field of cultural heritage conservation (Iñigo et al, 2004;Varas et al, 2005;Vicente and VicenteTavera, 2001). …”
Section: Methodsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Colour is a parameter that must be currently controlled to monitor the quality a quarry rock when it is used in a monument, both as regards its deterioration due to environmental (Sebastián-Pardo and Zezza, 1998;Zezza, 2002a) and microenvironmental factors in certain zones of buildings (Zezza, 2002b) and after the application of conservation treatments (García-Talegón et al, 1998;Iñigo et al, 1997Iñigo et al, , 2004). …”
In the present work we determined the chromatic coordinates (L*,a*,b*) and ultrasound propagation speeds on the three spatial planes (V x ,V y ,V z ) of three ornamental granites (Aqueduct of Segovia, Spain) before, during, and after being subjected to 70 cycles of two types of accelerated ageing (typical of cold regions): a) freezing/thawing and cooling/heating (T1), and b) freezing/thawing and cooling/heating + salt crystallization (T2). A multivariate technique (Canonical Biplot) was applied to the data obtained, with the observation of significant variations between the two types of accelerated artificial ageing as compared with those obtained in quarry rock in the three chromatic *Manuscript Click here to view linked References 2 coordinates (L*,a*,b*). With regard to the ultrasound propagation speed, we only detected differences in the results of the T2 artificial ageing treatment with respect to those of quarry rock. This fact is confirmed by the estimated data of resistance to compression.
“…The literature on heritage conservation contains a number of studies that evaluate changes in rock colour as a result, e.g., of natural weathering [2], artificial colour change testing [3], cleaning [2] and the application of protective treatments [4]. Our proposed analysis method is applied to the study of colour changes in sea-salt-contaminated granite following different desalination processes.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Colour changes resulting from different stone treatments have been analysed in descriptive statistical studies using different colorimetric coordinates [4,3].…”
a b s t r a c tWe propose a functional data approach to evaluating colour changes in stone that is based on applying a functional experiment design to the tristimulus curves resulting from the product of the power spectral distribution of the source, the stone reflectance curve and the matching colour functions of the standard observer.The proposed method was applied to an analysis of colour changes in granite after the application of different desalination treatments. The results were compared with those obtained by the classical analysis of variance applied to the colorimetric coordinatesThe granite RGB and XYZ colour coordinate systems were obtained by integrating the respective tristimulus curves. The L * a * b * coordinates, however, were obtained directly by transforming the XYZ coordinates, as no corresponding tristimulus functions have been proposed to date. With a view to comparing the results for these functional and scalar methods for a uniform colour measurement system, these functions, whose integral coincides with the L * a * b * values, have been deduced and proposed for the first time.The results obtained demonstrate the usefulness of the additional information supplied by the functional approach. However, this information does not replace that produced by the scalar approach for the scalar coordinates, and so it is recommended to use both approaches. The new tristimulus functions associated with the L * a * b * coordinates are perfectly interpretable in a way analogous to the coordinates themselves, i.e., as the degree of luminosity (L * ), the green-red relative position (a * ) and the blue-yellow relative position (b * ), except that they are interpreted for each infinitesimal wavelength interval.A brief introduction to the colour measurement problem and to functional statistical techniques is provided for readers coming from different disciplines.
“…While we may not able to identifY each change mechanism with a set of color images, we should be able to differentiate and segment these processes and measure their rate of change. Studies shows that weathering and soi ling primari Iy change L * and b*, rather than a * [4,5,6,7].…”
We propose quantifying color in crowd sourced images from mobile phones to monitor built heritage over time. Time-lapse color movies in CIE color space can provide information on a large range of deterioration mechanisms, including soiling, biofilm growth, weathering and vandalism. Citizen science can
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