Manipulative experiments demonstrate how long-term soil moisture changes alter controls of plant water use

Grossiord, Charlotte; Sevanto, Sanna; Limousin, Jean‐Marc; Meir, Patrick; Mencuccini, Maurizio; Pangle, Robert E.; Pockman, William T.; Salmon, Yann; Zweifel, Roman; McDowell, Nate G.

doi:10.1016/j.envexpbot.2017.12.010

Cited by 54 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 75 publications

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“…where β 0 is the intercept, β E and β S are the regression coefficients for PET and RSWC, respectively, and ε is the error term assuming a normal distribution. While PET and soil moisture are typically correlated at seasonal and monthly time-scales, they were decoupled at daily time-scales (Pearson's r = 0.03; p = 0.84; see also Grossiord et al, 2018;Novick et al, 2016). Testing a model including an interaction term between PET and RSWC showed this term was not significant for any of the trees, and therefore, this term was not included in (1).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We used PET rather than vapour pressure deficit (e.g., Grossiord et al, 2018;Novick et al, 2016;Oren et al, 1999), as PET is a better proxy of the above-ground environmental influence on transpiration. In π tlp values are not reported for Qualea species because the method of determination is not robust for this genus (Maréchaux et al, 2016). addition to humidity, PET accounts for the role of radiation and wind, which are known to have strong effects in tropical rainforests that are often light-limited (Wagner et al, 2016) and somewhat decoupled from the atmosphere (De Kauwe, Medlyn, Knauer, & Williams, 2017).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We first fitted a multiple regression model with daily sapflux density ( D s ) as the dependent variable and daily potential evapotranspiration (PET) and relative soil water content (RSWC) as independent variables:

D_{normalS} = β_{0} + β_{normalE} \times P E T + β_{normalS} \times R S W C + ε

where β 0 is the intercept, β E and β S are the regression coefficients for PET and RSWC, respectively, and ε is the error term assuming a normal distribution. While PET and soil moisture are typically correlated at seasonal and monthly time‐scales, they were decoupled at daily time‐scales (Pearson's r = 0.03; p = 0.84; see also Grossiord et al, ; Novick et al, ). Testing a model including an interaction term between PET and RSWC showed this term was not significant for any of the trees, and therefore, this term was not included in (1).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Testing a model including an interaction term between PET and RSWC showed this term was not significant for any of the trees, and therefore, this term was not included in (1). We used PET rather than vapour pressure deficit (e.g., Grossiord et al, ; Novick et al, ; Oren et al, ), as PET is a better proxy of the above‐ground environmental influence on transpiration. In addition to humidity, PET accounts for the role of radiation and wind, which are known to have strong effects in tropical rainforests that are often light‐limited (Wagner et al, ) and somewhat decoupled from the atmosphere (De Kauwe, Medlyn, Knauer, & Williams, ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dry‐season decline in tree sapflux is correlated with leaf turgor loss point in a tropical rainforest

et al. 2018

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Water availability is a key determinant of forest ecosystem function and tree species distributions. While droughts are increasing in frequency in many ecosystems, including in the tropics, plant responses to water supply vary with species and drought intensity and are therefore difficult to model. Based on physiological first principles, we hypothesized that trees with a lower turgor loss point (πtlp), that is, a more negative leaf water potential at wilting, would maintain water transport for longer into a dry season. We measured sapflux density of 22 mature trees of 10 species during a dry season in an Amazonian rainforest, quantified sapflux decline as soil water content decreased and tested its relationship to tree πtlp, size and leaf predawn and midday water potentials measured after the onset of the dry season. The measured trees varied strongly in the response of water use to the seasonal drought, with sapflux at the end of the dry season ranging from 37 to 117% (on average 83 ± 5 %) of that at the beginning of the dry season. The decline of water transport as soil dried was correlated with tree πtlp (Spearman’s ρ ≥ 0.63), but not with tree size or predawn and midday water potentials. Thus, trees with more drought‐tolerant leaves better maintained water transport during the seasonal drought. Our study provides an explicit correlation between a trait, measurable at the leaf level, and whole‐plant performance under drying conditions. Physiological traits such as πtlp can be used to assess and model higher scale processes in response to drying conditions. A http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/1365-2435.13188/suppinfo is available for this article.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

D_{normalS} = β_{0} + β_{normalE} \times P E T + β_{normalS} \times R S W C + ε

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dry‐season decline in tree sapflux is correlated with leaf turgor loss point in a tropical rainforest

et al. 2018

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“…Several studies deal with a sequence of years with above average rainfall, essential in semiarid grassland for seed production of perennial species, seedling establishment, and plant survival (Peters, Yao, Browning, & Rango, 2014). In a precipitation manipulation experiment, Grossiord et al (2017) found that long-term soil-moisture reduction decreased trees response to daily soil-moisture variation whereas increased long-term soil moisture exaggerated the sensitivity of trees to soil water availability, especially at drier conditions. Soil moisture is a noted metric of hydrologic models (Chandler, Seyfried, McNamara, & Hwang, 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differences in soil moisture in two Middle Eastern oak forests: Comparing the effects of trees and soil composition

Kopler

Burg

Wittenberg

et al. 2018

Hydrological Processes

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The incidence of large rain events in Mediterranean ecosystems vary among years. Summer aridity is interpreted as a resetting event, eliminating previous soil‐moisture dynamics. The dynamics of soil moisture and retention are critical to tree survival, particularly in dry regions. This study examines the long‐term soil water content (θV) dynamics in two distinct locations within the forest, under the canopy and forest clearing, within two diverse oak forests: subhumid mixed oak forests (MG) and semiarid monospecific oak woodlands (YE). Plots were established at small‐scale catchments and soil water contents were measured during 2010–2013, at three depths in the two different locations. Cumulative rainfall was used as an independent proxy for θV analysis. A novel bell‐bilogistic mathematical model of wetting, saturation, and drying arms was developed. We aimed to study the θV distribution differences between soil profiles giving the large climatic gradient between the two forested sub basins, the differences in vegetation traits along with soil attributes. We further aimed at determining the role of an individual tree in regulating soil‐moisture dynamics. We hypothesized the occurrence of distinct responses between sites in all soil‐moisture indices with higher θV at the wetter site. We tested the hypothesis that seasonal cumulative rainfall dictates the variations in soil‐moisture regimes throughout contiguous years. Annual rainfall was higher than long‐term average throughout the study. Soil profiles under the canopies at both sites were consistently wetter. Infiltration and depletion constants were higher at MG whereas maximum soil moisture was higher at YE. Homogenous recharge patterns were seen at MG although YE evinced more variation. Oaks had no effect on recharge at MG compared with the forest clearing. Soil properties primarily affected the wetting arm whereas vegetation composition regulated the drying arm. Mixed‐stands characterized by ever‐green and deciduous species may maintain favourable soil‐moisture conditions, in comparison with other mixed stand morphologies. The increasing role of slacking forces in infiltration process may alter the interaction between trees and herbaceous vegetation.

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Tackling unresolved questions in forest ecology: The past and future role of simulation models

Maréchaux

Langerwisch

Huth

et al. 2021

Ecology and Evolution

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Manipulative experiments demonstrate how long-term soil moisture changes alter controls of plant water use

Cited by 54 publications

References 75 publications

Dry‐season decline in tree sapflux is correlated with leaf turgor loss point in a tropical rainforest

Dry‐season decline in tree sapflux is correlated with leaf turgor loss point in a tropical rainforest

Differences in soil moisture in two Middle Eastern oak forests: Comparing the effects of trees and soil composition

Tackling unresolved questions in forest ecology: The past and future role of simulation models

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