Manipulation of two-dimensionally periodic stimulus patterns

Spatial Vision

“…To display a two-dimensionally varying pattern, then, the computer just specifies which of the lines is to be put out each time on a line-by-line basis. Kelly (1979) has an interesting discussion of the spectral characteristics of two-dimensional patterns.…”

Nanosecond and Femtosecond UV Laser Ablation of CdTe (100): Time-Of-Flight and Angular Distributions

“…The effects of collisions on the velocity and angular flux distributions of ejected particles generated thermally using nanosecond pulses have been observed experimentally [7] and treated theoretically [11][12][13]. For most ablation experiments the yield of ejected particles is so high that multiple gas phase collisions occur in the near surface region.…”

“…However, a comprehensive description of the phenomena has been hindered due to complications arising from the effects of near surface collisions on the desorption dynamics [7,9], and the influence of structurally and compositionally modified surfaces on the ablation process [1]. It is well established that in order to derive detailed information about the surface-particle interactions from ejected products, multiple gas phase collisions must be eliminated [11][12][13]. As a rule of thumb for gas densities comparable to ablation of 0.5 monolayer in 10 nsec, a limited number of gas phase collisions are known to occur and obscure the nascent velocity and angular distributions [11][12][13].…”

“…It is well established that in order to derive detailed information about the surface-particle interactions from ejected products, multiple gas phase collisions must be eliminated [11][12][13]. As a rule of thumb for gas densities comparable to ablation of 0.5 monolayer in 10 nsec, a limited number of gas phase collisions are known to occur and obscure the nascent velocity and angular distributions [11][12][13]. Multiple gas phase collisions have lead to inconsistencies among experimental results in which the ejected products exhibit angularly varying translation temperatures [1] and vastly dissimilar translational temperatures for different mass species [1,4].…”

Thermodynamic effects on ion‐beam mixing in SiC–metal systems

“…where AH,,, per atom of carbide is valid. The expression for a(x), seen in Eqn (4), gives a slope at the interface (x = 0) equal to (6) We were able to evaluate (aa/dx),=, from the experimental depth profiles which allowed us to determine Defrt for each component of the various irradiated Sic-metal systems. We measured graphically (Fig.…”