Manipulating the Crystallization Kinetics by Additive Engineering toward High‐Efficient Photovoltaic Performance

Song, Jingnan; Hu, Qin; Zhang, Quanzeng; Xiong, Shaobing; Zhao, Zhe; Ali, Jazib; Zou, Yecheng; Feng, Wei; Yang, Zhibin; Bao, Qinye; Zhang, Yongming; Russell, Thomas P.; Liu, Feng

doi:10.1002/adfm.202009103

Cited by 23 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…Excess MA + can function as a shell dividing the [PbI 6 ] 4− cages and thus improve the solubility through inhibiting the assembling of [PbI 6 ] 4− during spin‐coating. [ 27 ]…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unveiling Crystal Orientation in Quasi‐2D Perovskite Films by In Situ GIWAXS for High‐Performance Photovoltaics

Dong

Cai

et al. 2021

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Quasi‐2D perovskites are enchanting alternative materials for solar cells due to their intrinsic stability. The manipulation of crystal orientation of quasi‐2D perovskites is indispensable to target efficient devices, however, the origin of orientation during the film fabrication process still lacks in‐depth understanding and convincing evidence yet, which hinders further boosting the performance of photovoltaic devices. Herein, the crystallizing processes during spin‐coating and annealing are probed by in situ grazing‐incidence wide‐angle X‐ray scattering (GIWAXS), and the incident‐angle‐dependent GIWAXS is conducted to unveil the phase distribution in the films. It is found that undesirable lead iodide sol–gel formed intermediate phase would disturb oriented crystalline growth, resulting in random crystal orientation in poor quasi‐2D films. A general strategy is developed via simple additive agent incorporation to suppress the formation of the intermediate phase. Accordingly, highly oriented perovskite films with reduced trap density and higher carrier mobility are obtained, which enables the demonstration of optimized quasi‐2D perovskite solar cells with a power conversion efficiency of 15.2% as well as improved stability. This work paves a promising way to manipulate the quasi‐2D perovskites nucleation and crystallization processes via tuning nucleation stage.

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“…Excess MA + can function as a shell dividing the [PbI 6 ] 4− cages and thus improve the solubility through inhibiting the assembling of [PbI 6 ] 4− during spin‐coating. [ 27 ]…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unveiling Crystal Orientation in Quasi‐2D Perovskite Films by In Situ GIWAXS for High‐Performance Photovoltaics

Dong

Cai

et al. 2021

Small

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“…The strong interaction between DIO additives and [PbI 6 ] 4− cages retarded the crystallization of the perovskite and extended the time of crystalline transformation, which efficiently improved the crystallinity of the perovskite film. [81] As the film formation process proceeds, the disordered or ordered solvates in the as-cast film may undergo structural transformation, which will affect the phase composition and structure of the final perovskite film. The ordered solvated phases may provide templates for subsequent perovskite growth.…”

Section: Solvated Intermediate Phasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Reproduced with permission. [ 81 ] Copyright 2021, Wiley‐VCH. C) During spin coating, in situ GIWAXS data obtained from the film treated without antisolvent, with antisolvent, and semiconductor molecule solutions, respectively.…”

Section: Film Depositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…used in situ GIWAXS measurements to study the effect of 1,8‐diiodooctane (DIO) additives on the crystallization of perovskite films prepared with slot‐die printing. [ 81 ] As shown in Figure 4B, the introduction of an appropriate amount of DIO additives led to the formation of different intermediate phases at different stages. The strong interaction between DIO additives and [PbI 6 ] 4− cages retarded the crystallization of the perovskite and extended the time of crystalline transformation, which efficiently improved the crystallinity of the perovskite film.…”

Section: Film Depositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Film Depositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Growth and Degradation Kinetics of Organic–Inorganic Hybrid Perovskite Films Determined by In Situ Grazing‐Incidence X‐Ray Scattering Techniques

Wang

Chen

et al. 2021

Small Methods

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Organic–inorganic halide perovskite (OIHP) solar cells hold a great promise for commercial breakthrough since their power conversion efficiency has been pushed beyond the mark of 25%, making them capable of competing with traditional crystalline silicon solar cells. The key to achieve efficient and stable perovskite solar cells is inherently related to the film morphology. The understanding of the kinetic processes of film formation and degradation opens up possibilities to tailor the film morphology via the regulation of precursor and processing parameters. In situ grazing‐incidence X‐ray scattering (GIXS) techniques allow for tracking the morphology evolution of thin films at different length scales and with high temporal resolution. In this review, the selected examples for application of in situ grazing‐incidence wide‐angle X‐ray scattering and grazing‐incidence small‐angle X‐ray scattering techniques to the growth and stability of OIHPs are summarized after a brief introduction to both techniques, highlighting particularly the morphological evolution of perovskite films over time. Then the correlated mathematical models are reviewed to give a toolbox for analyzing the mechanisms of film formation and degradation. Thus, an overview on the in situ GIXS methods is linked to the research of OIHP kinetics.

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Synergistic Crystallization Modulation and Defects passivation via Additive Engineering Stabilize Perovskite Films for Efficient Solar Cells

Yuan

Xiong

et al. 2023

Adv Funct Materials

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Organic‐inorganic lead halide perovskite are promising photovoltaic materials, but their intrinsic defects and crystalline quality severely deteriorate the solar cells efficiency and stability. Herein, potassium 1,1,2,2,3,3‐hexafluoroprop‐ane‐1,3‐disulfonimide (KHFDF) is introduced into PbI2 precursor solution to passivate various defects and improve the crystalline quality of perovskite films. It is found that KHFDF can inhibit PbI2 crystallization, thus tuning the crystal orientation and growth of perovskite films. Furthermore, KHFDF with dual‐functional sulfonyl group cannot only passivate grain boundaries (GBs), but also passivate the defects at GBs via strong interaction with undercoordinated Pb2+ and/or hydrogen bonding with FA+, while the K+ counter cations allow ionic interaction with undercoordinated I−. As a result, the KHFDF‐modified films exhibit high quality with a larger grain size and a reduced trap‐state density, thereby suppressing the trap‐state nonradiative recombination. And the devices show a champion efficiency up to 24.15%, benefiting from a sharp enhancement of open‐circuit voltage (Voc) of 1.183 V and fill factor of 81.78%. In addition, due to the enhanced humidity tolerance and chemical structure stability, the devices exhibit excellent long‐term humidity and thermal stability without encapsulation.

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Manipulating the Crystallization Kinetics by Additive Engineering toward High‐Efficient Photovoltaic Performance

Cited by 23 publications

References 46 publications

Unveiling Crystal Orientation in Quasi‐2D Perovskite Films by In Situ GIWAXS for High‐Performance Photovoltaics

Unveiling Crystal Orientation in Quasi‐2D Perovskite Films by In Situ GIWAXS for High‐Performance Photovoltaics

Growth and Degradation Kinetics of Organic–Inorganic Hybrid Perovskite Films Determined by In Situ Grazing‐Incidence X‐Ray Scattering Techniques

Synergistic Crystallization Modulation and Defects passivation via Additive Engineering Stabilize Perovskite Films for Efficient Solar Cells

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