Manipulating magnetic anisotropy in fused filament fabricated parts via macroscopic shape, mesoscopic infill orientation, and infill percentage

Patton, Michael V.; Ryan, Patrick J.; Calascione, Thomas M.; Fischer, Nathan A.; Morgenstern, Andrew H.; Stenger, Nathan; Nelson-Cheeseman, Brittany B.

doi:10.1016/j.addma.2019.03.026

Cited by 27 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Several Fe-based magnetic materials produced by additive manufacturing have been studied owing to their wide range of potential applicability in the energy area [38][39][40][41][42][43][44]. Additive manufacturing of amorphous Fe-based magnetic materials is focused on within this review paper.…”

Section: Additive Manufacturing Of Amorphous Fe-based Magnetic Alloysmentioning

confidence: 99%

Laser Additive Manufacturing of Fe-Based Magnetic Amorphous Alloys

Ozden

Morley

2021

Magnetochemistry

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Fe-based amorphous materials offer new opportunities for magnetic sensors, actuators, and magnetostrictive transducers due to their high saturation magnetostriction (λs = 20–40 ppm) and low coercive field compared with polycrystalline Fe-based alloys, which have high magnetostriction but large coercive fields and Co-based amorphous alloys with small magnetostriction (λs = −3 to −5 ppm). Additive layer manufacturing (ALM) offers a new fabrication technique for more complex net-shaping designs. This paper reviews the two different ALM techniques that have been used to fabricate Fe-based amorphous magnetic materials, including the structural and magnetic properties. Selective laser melting (SLM)—a powder-bed fusion technique—and laser-engineered net shaping (LENS)—a directed energy deposition method—have both been utilised to fabricate amorphous alloys, owing to their high availability and low cost within the literature. Two different scanning strategies have been introduced by using the SLM technique. The first strategy is a double-scanning strategy, which gives rise to maximum relative density of 96% and corresponding magnetic saturation of 1.22 T. It also improved the glassy phase content by an order of magnitude of 47%, as well as improving magnetic properties (decreasing coercivity to 1591.5 A/m and increasing magnetic permeability to around 100 at 100 Hz). The second is a novel scanning strategy, which involves two-step melting: preliminary laser melting and short pulse amorphisation. This increased the amorphous phase fraction to a value of up to 89.6%, and relative density up to 94.1%, and lowered coercivity to 238 A/m. On the other hand, the LENS technique has not been utilised as much as SLM in the production of amorphous alloys owing to its lower geometric accuracy (0.25 mm) and lower surface quality, despite its benefits such as providing superior mechanical properties, controlled composition and microstructure. As a result, it has been commonly used for large parts with low complexity and for repairing them, limiting the production of amorphous alloys because of the size limitation. This paper provides a comprehensive review of these techniques for Fe-based amorphous magnetic materials.

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Section: Additive Manufacturing Of Amorphous Fe-based Magnetic Alloysmentioning

confidence: 99%

Laser Additive Manufacturing of Fe-Based Magnetic Amorphous Alloys

Ozden

Morley

2021

Magnetochemistry

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“…PLA (polylactic acid), ABS (acrylonitrile butadiene styrene), etc.) to make magnetic [2][3][4][5][6] or electrically conductive 7 filaments and thus bring functionality to the final printed composite product. For the latter technique, also known as stereolithography-based printing, using a mixed powder-liquid suspension, wherein the liquid is photo-curable resin, creates green parts with arbitrary final 3D shapes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, this radio-frequency heating of magnetic particles could be used to cure a polymer or epoxy binding matrix in a functional form for such applications as EMI absorbers 15 . In the case of soft magnetic applications with a large fraction of magnetic materials, such as transformer cores, the reported 3D printing for developing devices so far relied on the use of commercial supply 5,6 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To be able to eventually improve the performance of the functional parts, researchers need to have control over the customizable characteristics of the magnetic composite filament (e.g. particle filler composition and properties, particle shape, volume percent and dispersion within the polymeric matrix) 6 . Furthermore, it is challenging to extrude composite filaments containing significant amounts of functional or structural particles.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Novel procedure for laboratory scale production of composite functional filaments for additive manufacturing

Díaz-García

Law

Cota

et al. 2020

Materials Today Communications

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“…Nowadays, the additive manufacturing of metals, nonmetals, and reinforced polymeric materials is very common to attain the desired properties of products [18,19]. The product made using FFF has different surface finish, density, tensile strength, compressive strength, and weight, which depends on various parameters, i.e., nozzle speed, infill density, bed temperature, and infill pattern [20]. The characteristics of reinforcements added to thermoplastic material are significant factors that influence the mechanical and thermal properties of parts fabricated by the FFF process.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hybrid fused filament fabrication for manufacturing of Al microfilm reinforced PLA structures

Kumar

Chohan

Yadav

et al. 2020

J Braz. Soc. Mech. Sci. Eng.

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The quality of 3D printed thermoplastic structures mainly depends upon the various aspects of deposition pattern, processing conditions, and layer bonding. The incomplete layer-to-layer adhesion during the additive manufacturing process is the most critical issue since thermoplastics are bad heat conductors. In this study, aluminum (Al) microfilms have been deposited to promote the adhesion between the additive layers. The composite structures (as per ASTM D 695) of polylactic acid thermoplastic were manufactured by fused filament fabrication (FFF) process and consecutively reinforced with Al spray. The composite structures were subjected to compressive loading to investigate the influence of input process variables like; in-between microfilm layers (1-5 layers), bed temperature (60-100 °C), and infill percentage (40-100%). The results of the study suggested that using microfilm in-between additive layers is a promising technique for improving the compressive properties. The compressive strength has been observed maximum by performing FFF with 3 layers of Al microfilm, 70% of infill percentage, and 100 °C bed temperature. The results are supported by scanning electron microscopy, energydispersive spectroscopy, and differential scanning calorimeter analysis. An optimization study was successfully conducted using the analytic hierarchy process, which predicted the optimum parameter settings based on the relative importance of each response variable.

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Manipulating magnetic anisotropy in fused filament fabricated parts via macroscopic shape, mesoscopic infill orientation, and infill percentage

Cited by 27 publications

References 12 publications

Laser Additive Manufacturing of Fe-Based Magnetic Amorphous Alloys

Laser Additive Manufacturing of Fe-Based Magnetic Amorphous Alloys

Novel procedure for laboratory scale production of composite functional filaments for additive manufacturing

Hybrid fused filament fabrication for manufacturing of Al microfilm reinforced PLA structures

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