Manila Trench Tsunami Source Modeling for West Kalimantan Nuclear Facility Mitigation

Abstract

Tsunami modeling with the Manila Trench earthquake source, the Philippines is very necessary as one of the mitigation measures for the prospective nuclear power plant (PLTN) facility in West Kalimantan. In this preliminary study, tsunami modeling using the COMCOT of non linear and the nesting grid method was carried out to obtain an estimate of the height and arrival time of the tsunami at the closest tidal initial points of a nuclear power plant. The Manila Trench is considered as the closed potential sources of earthquake threats to the prospective nuclear power plant site in Gosong Beach, West Kalimantan. The source is divided into 33 multiple segments and accumulated to magnitude 9.1 The results of this study can be used as material for risk assessment for nuclear power plant site development. The results obtained are that the estimated tsunami height at Gosong Beach is around 0.3 – 0.5 meters on the beach with an arrival time of about 550 minutes after the earthquake at its center.

Assessing the potential tsunami source of the Manila trench at the Bengkayang nuclear power plant site in Kalimantan using topographical details

“…Generally, within the last domain, tsunami heights range between 0.48 meters and 0.62 meters. Notably, these results surpass those of previous studies in the closest location, where heights ranged from 0.3 meters to 0.5 meters, a discrepancy attributed to the use of a coarse resolution (Pribadi et al, 2021). Assuming the tsunami occurs under the HHWL condition as stated in Table 3, the tsunami height in the area will range from approximately 1.424 meters to 1.564 meters.…”

“…Therefore, artificial stations were strategically positioned on the high seas. These stations measure the height and arrival time of the tsunami at those specific locations, providing valuable data before its landfall (Pribadi et al, 2021).…”

“…The slope of the beach slope is in the range 3° -15°. Intensive erosion processes occur in coastal areas between Singkawang City and the coast of Gosong, and are characterized by the formation of an erosion escarpment as high as ± 1.5 m (Suntoko et al, 2021). This condition requires verification by a field survey with topographical and bathymetric measuring equipment.…”

“…We selected the most likely threat from the South China Sea (SCS) namely the Philippines tsunami source. We take reference from previous studies (Pribadi et al, 2021) by using a probabilistic approach from the occurrence of earthquakes around the Manila trench for a total of 33 segments which are then assumed to occur at the same time so that the accumulated results have a magnitude of M9.1 (Megawati et al, 2009).…”

The Mount Anak Krakatau landslide scenario for tsunami modeling in Banten

“…The performance of the numerical model based on SWE is superior because it fulfills technical requirements such as: hydrodynamics, alignment of actual applied cases, operating conditions of work and scientific evaluation. COMCOT has similarities with TUNAMI starting from the model structure, numerical scheme, programming language, application of Manning roughness [8].…”