“…According to Goldsmith (1982), financial crises are linked to a sharp, brief, and ultra-cyclic deterioration of financial indicators, such as asset prices, credit, short-term interest rates, and financial institution collapse. According to Kindleberger and Aliber (2005), crises are, in general, related to economic cycle peaks that occur during a period of economic growth, leading to a period of depression. Crises can be of either domestic or foreign origin, can start in either the private or the public sector, with different forms and intensities, and can spread swiftly across borders (Claessense & Kose, 2013;Reinhart & Rogoff, 2009).Despite both the complexity of financial crises and the differences between them, they tend to have similarities in terms of macroeconomic and financial consequences, as these go beyond the uncertainty they create.…”