Mangrove associates versus true mangroves: a comparative analysis of leaf litter decomposition in Sundarban

Chanda, Abhra; Akhand, Anirban; Manna, Sudip; Das, Sourav; Mukhopadhyay, Anirban; Das, I.; Hazra, Sugata; Choudhury, S. B.; Rao, K. H.; Dadhwal, V. K.

doi:10.1007/s11273-015-9456-9

Cited by 36 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 64 publications

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“…The decay pattern of leaf litter of all species followed a single exponential function, only differing in the mass remaining over time. The kinetics of decay (decay constants, leaf half-life and 95% lifespan) observed in this study are comparable to findings by Ashton et al ( 1999 ), Chanda et al ( 2016 ), and Kamal et al ( 2020 ) (Table 3 ). Leaf litter was observed to disintegrate physically and fragment within 14 days for Acanthus , within 35 days for Rhizophora and Bruguiera , and within 70 days for Acrostichum .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

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Plant species- and stage-specific differences in microbial decay of mangrove leaf litter: the older the better?

2021

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Leaf litter and its breakdown products represent an important input of organic matter and nutrients to mangrove sediments and adjacent coastal ecosystems. It is commonly assumed that old-grown stands with mature trees contribute more to the permanent sediment organic matter pool than younger stands. However, neither are interspecific differences in leaf decay rates taken into account in this assumption nor is our understanding of the underlying mechanisms or drivers of differences in leaf chemistry sufficient. This study examines the influence of different plant species and ontogenetic stage on the microbial decay of mangrove leaf litter. A litterbag experiment was conducted in the Matang Mangrove Forest Reserve, Malaysia, to monitor leaf litter mass loss, and changes in leaf litter chemistry and microbial enzyme activity. Four mangrove species of different morphologies were selected, namely the trees Rhizophora apiculata and Bruguiera parviflora, the fern Acrostichum aureum and the shrub Acanthus ilicifolius. Decay rates of mangrove leaf litter decreased from A. ilicifolius to R. apiculata to B. parviflora to A. aureum. Leaf litter mass, total phenolic content, protein precipitation capacity and phenol oxidase activity were found to decline rapidly during the early stage of decay. Leaf litter from immature plants differed from that of mature plants in total phenolic content, phenolic signature, protein precipitating capacity and protease activity. For R. apiculata, but not of the other species, leaf litter from immature plants decayed faster than the litter of mature plants. The findings of this study advance our understanding of the organic matter dynamics in mangrove stands of different compositions and ages and will, thus, prove useful in mangrove forest management.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…In Hong Kong, however, differences in decomposition rates between Avicennia corniculatum and K. candel were not explained by initial C:N ratios (Tam et al 1990 ). The leaf litter of mangrove associates degrades at a higher rate than that of true mangroves (Chanda et al 2016 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plant species- and stage-specific differences in microbial decay of mangrove leaf litter: the older the better?

2021

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“…The unique tree structure and complex aerial root systems (e.g., prop roots, pneumatophores) across mangrove species result in greater biomass than grasses, and these specific structures are more effective for trapping organic‐rich sediments (Kristensen et al, 2008). The litter from above‐ and belowground components in mangrove forests tend to have greater recalcitrant C compounds (e.g., lignin, tannins, cutin, suberin, and waxes) and are more difficult to decompose than grass litter (Chanda et al, 2015). Therefore, high rates of organic C burial in mangrove forests are attributed primarily to the production, accumulation, burial, and decomposition of aerials and roots.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spartina alterniflora invasion controls organic carbon stocks in coastal marsh and mangrove soils across tropics and subtropics

Xia

Wang

Song

et al. 2021

Global Change Biology

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Coastal wetlands are among the most productive ecosystems and store large amounts of organic carbon (C)—the so termed “blue carbon.” However, wetlands in the tropics and subtropics have been invaded by smooth cordgrass (Spartina alterniflora) affecting storage of blue C. To understand how S. alterniflora affects soil organic carbon (SOC) stocks, sources, stability, and their spatial distribution, we sampled soils along a 2500 km coastal transect encompassing tropical to subtropical climate zones. This included 216 samplings within three coastal wetland types: a marsh (Phragmites australis) and two mangroves (Kandelia candel and Avicennia marina). Using δ13C, C:nitrogen (N) ratios, and lignin biomarker composition, we traced changes in the sources, stability, and storage of SOC in response to S. alterniflora invasion. The contribution of S. alterniflora‐derived C up to 40 cm accounts for 5.6%, 23%, and 12% in the P. australis, K. candel, and A. marina communities, respectively, with a corresponding change in SOC storage of +3.5, −14, and −3.9 t C ha−1. SOC storage did not follow the trend in aboveground biomass from the native to invasive species, or with vegetation types and invasion duration (7–15 years). SOC storage decreased with increasing mean annual precipitation (1000–1900 mm) and temperature (15.3–23.4℃). Edaphic variables in P. australis marshes remained stable after S. alterniflora invasion, and hence, their effects on SOC content were absent. In mangrove wetlands, however, electrical conductivity, total N and phosphorus, pH, and active silicon were the main factors controlling SOC stocks. Mangrove wetlands were most strongly impacted by S. alterniflora invasion and efforts are needed to focus on restoring native vegetation. By understanding the mechanisms and consequences of invasion by S. alterniflora, changes in blue C sequestration can be predicted to optimize storage can be developed.

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“…The Indonesian government's program to maintain mangroves requires that farmers plant mangrove trees on pond bunds in the form of silvo-aquaculture (Primavera 2000). Avicennia marina is a medium-sized pioneer species with pneumatophore roots (Chanda et al 2016) and is highly tolerant to elevated salinity and sedimentation. Its leaves, which range in length from 4 to 11 cm, have a thinner leaf cuticle, higher initial nitrogen concentration, lower C:N ratio, lower tannin levels, and faster decomposition rates than other species (Robertson 1988;Camilleri 1989;Steinke et al 1990;Primavera 1993).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Ikhwanuddin et al (2014) found that the leachate of Terminalia catappa (a mangrove-associated species) gave higher growth rates of post-larva Penaeus monodon than whole-leaf litter, and Rejeki et al (2019) confirmed this for leachate and chopped leaves of Rhizophora apiculata and A. marina. R. apiculata was found to have negative effects (Chanda et al 2016;Primavera 1993), although it is the most planted species in Indonesian silvo-aquaculture.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of three types of liquid compost combined with Avicennia marina leaves on growth and survival of tiger prawns (Penaeus monodon)

et al. 2019

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The sustainability of prawn farming in brackish water ponds is controversial because of low yields and a history of mangrove clearing. Low yields are due largely to insufficient preparation of pond bottoms. Mangrove trees are often planted on pond bunds as window dressing. This study examines the effect of three types of liquid compost from vegetable, fruit, and both vegetable and fruit in tanks to which whole or chopped Avicennia marina leaves have been added to mimic local pond conditions. In a split-plot design, 28 square tanks were each stocked with one hundred 15-day-old post-larvae tiger prawns (Penaeus monodon). Four tanks were used as controls and 24 were assigned to the treatments, 12 with whole and 12 with chopped leaves. Of the treatment tanks, 4 received liquid compost from vegetable, 4 received fruit, and 4 received mixed vegetable and fruit. Shrimp were weighed at the start, halfway point, and the end of the 50-day trial, and fed at 5% of the estimated total weight; survival was counted at the end. The survival rates of treatments and controls (65–76%) were not significantly different. Shrimp in water with vegetable compost grew significantly faster (2.7% day−1) than in both treatments with fruit (2.5% day−1), while all treatments were associated with significantly faster growth than were the controls (2.0% day−1). The lower growth rate of shrimp fed fruit compost may have been due to dinoflagellates, which are known to negatively affect shrimp. Shrimp in tanks with chopped mangrove leaves grew slightly better than shrimp in tanks with whole mangrove leaves.

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Mangrove associates versus true mangroves: a comparative analysis of leaf litter decomposition in Sundarban

Cited by 36 publications

References 64 publications

Plant species- and stage-specific differences in microbial decay of mangrove leaf litter: the older the better?

Plant species- and stage-specific differences in microbial decay of mangrove leaf litter: the older the better?

Spartina alterniflora invasion controls organic carbon stocks in coastal marsh and mangrove soils across tropics and subtropics

Effect of three types of liquid compost combined with Avicennia marina leaves on growth and survival of tiger prawns (Penaeus monodon)

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