Mandibular Growth, Remodeling, and Maturation During Infancy and Early Childhood

Abstract

Objective: To describe the growth, maturation, and remodeling changes of the mandible during infancy and early childhood. Materials and Methods: Seven Bolton-Brush Growth Study longitudinal cephalograms (N 5 336) of each of 24 females and 24 males, taken between birth and 5 years of age, as well as early adulthood, were traced and digitized. Five measurements and nine landmarks were used to characterize mandibular growth, remodeling, and degree of adult maturity. Results: Overall, mandibular length showed the greatest growth changes, followed by ramus height and corpus length. Corpus length was the most mature of the three linear measures; ramus height was less mature than overall mandibular length. The greatest growth rates occurred between 0.4-1 year; yearly velocities decelerated thereafter. The ramus remodeled superiorly only slightly more than it remodeled posteriorly. Male mandibles were significantly (P # .05) larger, displayed greater growth rates, and were significantly less mature than female mandibles. There were no significant differences in mandibular growth or maturation between Class I and Class II patients. Conclusions:The mandible displays decelerating rates of growth and a maturity gradient during infancy and early childhood, with males showing more growth and being more mature than females. (Angle Orthod 2010;80:97-105.)

Long-Term Results of Mandibular Distraction Osteogenesis with a Resorbable Device in Infants with Robin Sequence

“…27,28 Greatest mandibular growth rates occur at 0.4 to 1 year of age, and bone growth and remodeling is a complex process characterized by a diverse set of mechanisms and contributions from primary growth centers and a functional matrix of surrounding soft tissue. 13,29 Robin sequence infants might lack an intrinsic potential to grow out to values of healthy counterparts. [30][31][32][33][34] No studies have described the influence of mandibular distraction osteogenesis on craniofacial features in Robin sequence infants after longer follow-up.…”

Gonial Angle Changes Based on Age Group on Mongoloid Race in Medan City in Terms of Lateral Cephalometric Radiograph

“…Changes in mandibular morphology after birth are estimated to be influenced by teeth (mastication) and age. Age, systemic factors, and tooth loss may alter the gonial angle [1,2,4,[6][7][8][9].…”

“…Research, volume 8 [1,2,4,[6][7][8][9]. The mandibular base form, especially the gonial angle, is related to the function and shape of the mastication muscles.…”

“…The mandible develops through the remodeling process (aposition and resorption) [3]. In orthodontics, oromaxilofacial surgery, cephalometric radiography is an important source of information [4,5].…”

“…Lateral cephalometry is a good choice for the evaluation of mandibular morphology [4,6]. Huumonen, et al (2010), conducted a large study of gonial angle, high ramus and condyles against edentulous patients.…”