“…During a period of uncertainty, when the international tourism market can no longer be relied upon, the most realistic option for recovery of the tourism industry is to focus on the domestic market (Arbulú et al, 2021;Bama & Nyikana, 2021;Rogerson & Rogerson, 2019). In the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, this strategy has been adopted by most economies around the world in an effort to offset losses associated with the drastic decline in international travel activity (Adinolfi, Harilal & Giddy, 2021;Avraham, 2020;Ezeuduji & Dlomo, 2020a;Hattingh, 2022;Matiza & Slabbert, 2022;Nyikana, Tichaawa & Kimbu, 2021;Rogerson & Rogerson, 2022b). The South African government responded to the pandemic by imposing a national lockdown, which began on the 26th of March 2020 and was lifted on the 5 th of April 2022 (South African Government, 2022).…”