Managing releases from small upland reservoirs for downstream recharge in semi-arid basins (Northeast of Tunisia)

Were Rivers Flowing across the Sahara During the Last Interglacial? Implications for Human Migration through Africa

“…As our aim was to test the viability of fluvial corridors, and for model parsimony, groundwater recharge was not simulated, though we acknowledge that there is evidence for palaeolakes in the region that were ground water fed [33] and these lakes could have formed part of a migratory route [2], [26]. A series of 25 year simulations were carried out with high, medium and low infiltration/evaporation rates (1.5, 3 and 6 m yr −1 ) [34], [35], [36] and for every model time step water was also removed from grid cells to account for evaporation and infiltration. Hydrological model outputs were plotted as probabilities of surface water being present at a location varying between 0 and 1.…”

Dryland hydrology in Mediterranean regions—a review

“…This is particularly the case in central Tunisia, with studies dedicated to the Wadi Merguellil basin (Nazoumou & Besbes, 2000;Feuillette et al, 2003;Cudennec et al, 2005;Kingumbi et al, 2005Kingumbi et al, , 2007Ben Ammar et al, 2006;Leduc et al, 2007), and to the network of small basins recently drained by hill reservoirs (Albergel et al, 2004;Nasri et al, 2004b;Zammouri & Feki, 2005;Jebari et al, 2007;Lajili-Ghezal, 2007;Nasri, 2007).…”

“…The aquifer may have many different users, which complicates the management and control in cases of overexploitation; in contrast, surface water reservoirs are usually managed by a single authority. Controlled recharge of aquifers may nevertheless be considered through dam outflow management and infiltration facilitation (Nazoumou & Besbes, 2000;Zammouri & Feki, 2005). Furthermore, the abundance of carbonate rocks in the Mediterranean basin frequently generates uncontrolled recharge of reservoir water to the underlying karst (Remini & Wassila, 2006;Ben Ammar et al, 2006;Leduc et al, 2007).…”

Groundwater response to leakage of surface water through a thick vadose zone in the middle reaches area of Heihe River Basin, in China

“…The peak of recharge rate occurs at t=6.5 d, which is 1.5 days after the peak of leakage rate. As proposed by Besbes and De Marsily (1984) and Zammouri and Feki (2005), the effect of vadose zone to groundwater recharge can approximately described by a transfer function. For a thick vadose zone, the transfer function of several linear reservoirs can be considered.…”

“…In study of the upper river Lys basin and the Origny aquifer with an unsaturated zone (depth of water table is 0-50 m), Besbes and De Marsily (1984) suppose a method in recognizing infiltration-recharge conversion with observed rainfall and groundwater level by using a parametric transfer function. The transfer function method is also applied by Zammouri and Feki (2005) in study of artificial groundwater recharge through leakage from reservoirs on ephemeral streams. A model including several linear reservoirs (Nash, 1957) is developed to represent the unsaturated zone which influences the leakage-recharge conversion under streams.…”