Managing fatigue: It's about sleep

Dawson, Drew; McCulloch, Kirsty

doi:10.1016/j.smrv.2005.03.002

Cited by 253 publications

(191 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…The results of the present study did not demonstrate that our sleep hygiene education is significantly effective at improving sleep quality, fatigue, depression or mean sleep duration on weekdays. Previous studies have reported that fatigue and depression are significantly associated with sleep duration 41,42) . In the present study, the participants sustained shortage of sleep during the study period.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Effect of Brief Sleep Hygiene Education for Workers of an Information Technology Company

et al. 2010

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Effect of Brief Sleep Hygiene Education for Workers of an Information Technology Company

et al. 2010

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“…50 Although the current study has a relatively small sample size and, to some extent, leaves open the question of what specific mechanisms underlie the effects we obtained, the data suggest that reversal learning tasks can serve as an important laboratory analog for studying how sleep deprivation produces errors in fast-paced operational environments in which information is emerging over time and feedback must be used to adapt to changing circumstances. Our findings have important implications for managing sleep deprivation-based impairment ("fatigue risk management" 51,52 ) in emergency response, disaster management, military operations, and other dynamic realworld settings with uncertain outcomes and imperfect information. Inability to utilize feedback to evaluate decision outcomes may result in perseverative behavior, 2 and it may be difficult to help oneself or someone else break free from this behavior because of that same inability to utilize feedback.…”

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confidence: 96%

Feedback Blunting: Total Sleep Deprivation Impairs Decision Making that Requires Updating Based on Feedback

Whitney

Hinson

Jackson

et al. 2015

Sleep

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745Sleep Deprivation and Decision Making-Whitney et al. INTRODUCTIONThe effect of sleep deprivation on cognitive performance is not uniform. 1 In laboratory studies, sleep deprivation has consistently been shown to substantially degrade vigilance and sustained attention, whereas its effects on demanding tests of complex cognition such as decision making appear to be inconsistent and relatively small. 2,3 Paradoxically, in the natural environment there are well-documented deficits in decision making due to sleep deprivation. 4,5 In emergency response, disaster management, military encounters, and other fast-paced situations with uncertain outcomes and imperfect information, good decision making is significantly hampered by sleep deprivation. 6-8Although the lapses of sustained attention that are characteristic of sleep deprivation contribute to errors and accidents, 3,8 attentional lapses are not the whole story of sleep deprivation effects on naturalistic decision making. The laboratory tasks often used to examine sleep deprivation effects on decisions typically do not include elements of updating information over Study Objectives: To better understand the sometimes catastrophic effects of sleep loss on naturalistic decision making, we investigated effects of sleep deprivation on decision making in a reversal learning paradigm requiring acquisition and updating of information based on outcome feedback. Design: Subjects were randomized to a sleep deprivation or control condition, with performance testing at baseline, after 2 nights of total sleep deprivation (or rested control), and following 2 nights of recovery sleep. Subjects performed a decision task involving initial learning of go and no go response sets followed by unannounced reversal of contingencies, requiring use of outcome feedback for decisions. A working memory scanning task and psychomotor vigilance test were also administered. Setting: Six consecutive days and nights in a controlled laboratory environment with continuous behavioral monitoring. Subjects: Twenty-six subjects (22-40 y of age; 10 women). Interventions: Thirteen subjects were randomized to a 62-h total sleep deprivation condition; the others were controls. Results: Unlike controls, sleep deprived subjects had difficulty with initial learning of go and no go stimuli sets and had profound impairment adapting to reversal. Skin conductance responses to outcome feedback were diminished, indicating blunted affective reactions to feedback accompanying sleep deprivation. Working memory scanning performance was not significantly affected by sleep deprivation. And although sleep deprived subjects showed expected attentional lapses, these could not account for impairments in reversal learning decision making. Conclusions: Sleep deprivation is particularly problematic for decision making involving uncertainty and unexpected change. Blunted reactions to feedback while sleep deprived underlie failures to adapt to uncertainty and changing contingencies. Thus, an error may register, but with diminishe...

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“…In addition to more focused basic research and increased educational campaigns to create public awareness, both regulatory and legislative initiatives have been implemented to address this problem. A general theme that has emerged from all of these efforts has been the importance of identifying a simple and quantifiable biomarker of sleepiness (11)(12)(13). A biomarker of sleepiness should be responsive to increasing levels of sleep debt and should only be activated by periods of waking that are followed by compensatory increases in sleep time (sleep homeostasis).…”

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confidence: 99%

Identification of a biomarker for sleep drive in flies and humans

Seugnet

Boero

Gottschalk

et al. 2006

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

105

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It is a common experience to sacrifice sleep to meet the demands of our 24-h society. Current estimates reveal that as a society, we sleep on average 2 h less than we did 40 years ago. This level of sleep restriction results in negative health outcomes and is sufficient to produce cognitive deficits and reduced attention and is associated with increased risk for traffic and occupational accidents. Unfortunately, there is no simple quantifiable marker that can detect an individual who is excessively sleepy before adverse outcomes become evident. To address this issue, we have developed a simple and effective strategy for identifying biomarkers of sleepiness by using genetic and pharmacological tools that dissociate sleep drive from wake time in the model organism Drosophila melanogaster. These studies have identified a biomarker, Amylase, that is highly correlated with sleep drive. More importantly, both salivary Amylase activity and mRNA levels are also responsive to extended waking in humans. These data indicate that the fly is relevant for human sleep research and represents a first step in developing an effective method for detecting sleepiness in vulnerable populations.Drosophila ͉ saliva ͉ sleep deprivation I t has been suggested that forced and self-inflicted sleep loss have reached epidemic proportions in Western industrialized populations (1, 2), costing billions of dollars in lost productivity and creating hazardous conditions on our roadways (3), in our skies (4), and in our hospitals (5). The National Highway Traffic Safety Administration estimates that 20% of motor vehicle crashes are attributed to sleepiness and fully 37% of adult drivers report falling asleep at the wheel at some point in their lives. Moreover, both regional and long-haul pilots accumulate sleep debt during trips, fall asleep in the cockpit, and experience levels of sleepiness that are associated with performance decrements (6, 7). In the hospital setting, training demands frequently disrupt the sleep of medical residents, which is then associated with increased attentional failures and medical errors (8). Indeed, after a heavy call rotation, the driving performance of medical residents was similar to those with a blood alcohol level of 0.05 g % (9) and is associated with increased risk of falling asleep while driving (10).Given the magnitude of this problem, it is not surprising that the sleep community, public health officials, and others have devoted considerable attention toward minimizing the negative impact of sleep loss on public health and safety (11). In addition to more focused basic research and increased educational campaigns to create public awareness, both regulatory and legislative initiatives have been implemented to address this problem. A general theme that has emerged from all of these efforts has been the importance of identifying a simple and quantifiable biomarker of sleepiness (11)(12)(13). A biomarker of sleepiness should be responsive to increasing levels of sleep debt and should only be activated by period...

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Managing fatigue: It's about sleep

Cited by 253 publications

References 37 publications

Effect of Brief Sleep Hygiene Education for Workers of an Information Technology Company

Effect of Brief Sleep Hygiene Education for Workers of an Information Technology Company

Feedback Blunting: Total Sleep Deprivation Impairs Decision Making that Requires Updating Based on Feedback

Identification of a biomarker for sleep drive in flies and humans

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