Managing Contradiction: Civic Stratification and Migrants’ Rights

Abstract

Political and academic interest in cross‐national migration has generated two very different and potentially polarized positions. One perspective emphasizes the continuing power of the nation state, while the other sees migration, and more specifically migrants' rights, as the manifestation of an emergent ‘post‐national’ society. This article offers a conceptual framework which addresses this polarization through the concept of civic stratification (Lockwood, 1996). In illustrating its application, the study shows how such an approach goes beyond a traditional citizenship framework (e.g., Marshall, 1950) in considering degrees of partial membership, but remains cautious with respect to claims about universal, transnational rights.

Vous avez dit « continuité des services » ? Les professionnels de l’employabilité face aux catégories de l’immigration et de la jeunesse

“…Les inégalités d'accès aux ressources socioéconomiques sont particulièrement visibles lorsque l'on compare les individus en fonction de leur âge et du statut de l'immigration : elles sont le résultat d'une stratification de la citoyenneté (Morris, 2003) qui s'est complexifiée avec le temps au rythme des évolutions des politiques migratoires, toujours plus sélectives (Pellerin, 2011), et des politiques dites d'insertion des jeunes, dont le fonctionnement implique la définition des ayants droit et l'exclusion des autres (Loncle, 2010). La recherche que nous avons conduite en 2012 dans la région de Montréal se proposait de vérifier quels sont les recoupements catégoriels observables lorsque l'on s'intéresse à l'insertion des jeunes immigrants, et quel type de logiques 64 lieN sociAl et politiques, N o 70 Accompagnement des jeunes en difficulté conditionnent l'usage de certaines catégories et la non-prise en compte d'autres de la part des professionnels de l'employabilité.…”

Almanya’da Göçmen Politikaları ve Türkiyeli Göçmenlerin Trajedisi: Yurttaşlık, Haklar ve Eşitsizlikler Üzerine

“…Kısmi yurttaşlıktan/Geçici statüden tam üyeliğe geçmek oldukça zor olmaktadır ki bu sistem içinde başvuruları reddedilen ancak sınır dışı edilemeyen mülteciler ölü bir statü olan "tolere edilenler" (tolerated/duldung) statüsüne düşürülmektedir (Morris, 2003). 2000'li yıllarla birlikte daha önce anayasal bir hak olarak garanti altına alınmış olan iltica etme hakkı sınırlandırılmış ve devletin kurumlarının işkence ve baskıları nedeniyle kabul etme meselesi zorlaştı-rılmış ve ağır şartlara bağlanmıştır.…”

Civic stratification and crime. A comparison of asylum migrants with different legal statuses

“…Immigration law furthermore allows for crimes committed in The Netherlands to be treated as a contraindication for granting asylum. 4 Moreover, in The Netherlands, all admitted asylum seekers are initially given a residence permit for five years. If the holder is sentenced for certain crimes, the permit can be withdrawn.…”

“…Migration researchers began using the concept in order to describe the complex hierarchy of immigrants' legal statuses [1,[3][4][5]22]. Their focus has been on the formal aspects of civic stratification, i.e., differential entitlement to rights.…”

“…Each of these statuses affords, or denies, specific social, economic and political rights. The term 'civic stratification' refers to such systems of differentiated rights [1][2][3][4][5].…”