Managing a Rare Malignant Sweat Gland Tumor Invading the Brain: Case Report and Literature Review

Eccrine Hidradenocarcinoma of the Scalp

“…Some series suggest at least 2 cm margins, but more recently 3-5 cm are advised [7,9]. However, survival rates at five years are less than 30% [1][2][3][4][7][8][9]. Despite being controversial, RT may be considered as an adjuvant treatment to improve local control, especially in patients with high-risk features: deep structure invasion, positive margins, highly anaplastic morphology, and extracapsular lymph node extension, with retrospective overall survivals of 27-35 months [10,11].…”

“…If the tumour is unresectable, RT using high doses (50-70 Gy) is also possible [2][3]7,[10][11]. In the absence of known distant metastases, clinically involved lymph nodes should be dissected [2,[8][9][10].…”

“…It was described for the first time by Keasby et al in 1954 [6]. Its incidence peaks in the fifth to seventh decade, with a mean age of 50 years, and arises mostly in the head and neck region [1][2][3][4][7][8][9]. However, it can potentially develop anywhere in the skin [2].…”

“…Up to 60% of patients will present distant metastases within the first two years, with low survival rates (5-year postsurgical survival rate is reported to be <30%) [3]. Multiple nodules, large lesions, and lymph node involvement are poor prognostic factors [1][2][3][4][7][8][9].…”

Nodular hidradenocarcinoma of the forehead presenting as a lipoma: A case report with a review of literature

“…Aggressive growth was reported in the literature, in a patient who presented with focal seizures and scalp swelling, it was managed by near-total decompression and adjuvant radiotherapy, and the post-operative histopathology confirmed the diagnosis of scalp hidradenocarcinoma with brain extension [8] .…”