Management of Savannas for Livestock Production in North-East Australia: Contrasts Across the Tree-Grass Continuum

Burrows, W. H.; Carter, J. O.; Scanlan, J. C.; Anderson, Eric

doi:10.2307/2845383

Cited by 99 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Reduced fire frequency is recognised as a main causative agent for woodland expansion in North American woodlands (Brown and Archer 1989;Archer 1994;Miller and Wigand 1994). Where woodlands have expanded and in-filled, active management using fire or mechanical treatments has been employed to kill trees to maintain or restore grassland and shrubland ecosystems (Burrows et al 1990;Angassa 2002;Owens et al 2002;Smit 2004;Miller et al 2005;Peterson et al 2007;Teague et al 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sagebrush steppe recovery after fire varies by development phase of Juniperus occidentalis woodland

Bates

Sharp

Davies

2014

Int. J. Wildland Fire

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Abstract. Woodland ecosystems of the world have been changed by land use demands, altered fire regimes, invasive species and climate change. Reduced fire frequency is recognised as a main causative agent for Pinus-Juniperus L.(piñon-juniper) expansion in North American woodlands. Piñon-juniper control measures, including prescribed fire, are increasingly employed to restore sagebrush steppe communities. We compared vegetation recovery following prescribed fire on Phase 2 (mid-succession) and Phase 3 (late-succession) Juniperus occidentalis Hook. (western juniper) woodlands in Oregon. The herbaceous layer on Phase 2 sites was comprised of native perennial and annual vegetation before and after fire. On Phase 3 sites the herbaceous layer shifted from native species to dominance by invasive Bromus tectorum L. (cheatgrass). After fire, shrubs on Phase 2 sites were comprised of sprouting species and Ceanothus velutinus Dougl. (snowbrush). On Phase 3 woodland sites the shrub layer was dominated by C. velutinus. The results suggest that Phase 2 sites have a greater likelihood of recovery to native vegetation after fire and indicate that sites transitioning from Phase 2 to Phase 3 woodlands cross a recovery threshold where there is a greater potential for invasive weeds, rather than native vegetation, to dominate after fire.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sagebrush steppe recovery after fire varies by development phase of Juniperus occidentalis woodland

Bates

Sharp

Davies

2014

Int. J. Wildland Fire

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“…Diversos estudos indicam que a sombra pode proporcionar aumento da produção forrageira, quando em pastagens com baixa densidade arbórea, média fertilidade do solo (BURROWS et al, 1990;WILSON et al, 1990) e baixa precipitação (BELSKY et al, 1989;WELTZIN e COUGHENOUR, 1990).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

“…No entanto, o sombreamento 920 CASTRO et al intenso pode ser fator limitante à produção de forragem. A produtividade forrageira é passível de redução pela presença de árvores nas pastagens, as quais competem com o estrato herbáceo do sub-bosque pelos fatores de produção, principalmente pela luz (BURROWS et al, 1990;PIEPER, 1990). Assim, alguns estudos têm demonstrado que o rendimento forrageiro aumenta com a redução do componente arbóreo (WALKER et al, 1986;HARRINGTON e JOHNS, 1990; e BARBOSA e GURGEL GARRIDO, 1990) ou da intensidade de sombreamento (WONG e STÜR, 1993;MORITA et al, 1994).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Produção forrageira de gramíneas cultivadas sob luminosidade reduzida

et al. 1999

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RESUMO -O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a influência de três níveis de sombreamento artificial (0,30 e 60%) sobre a produção de matéria seca, a concentração de nitrogênio e as características morfológicas de seis espécies de gramíneas forrageiras tropicais (Andropogon gayanus, cv. Planaltina, Brachiaria brizantha, cv. Marandu, B. decumbens, Melinis minutiflora, Panicum maximum, cv. Vencedor, e Setaria anceps, cv. Kazungula). Foi usado delineamento em blocos ao acaso, com parcelas subdivididas e quatro repetições; nas parcelas foram distribuídos os níveis de sombreamento e nas subparcelas, as espécies forrageiras. Os resultados demonstram que o sombreamento influenciou a produção de matéria seca, a concentração de N e as características morfológicas das espécies avaliadas. A produção forrageira foi influenciada diferencialmente pelo sombreamento. A produção de matéria seca do P. maximum, cv. Vencedor foi 19,72% maior à sombra moderada que a pleno sol. A produção de S. anceps, cv. Kazungula, entretanto, não foi influenciada pelo sombreamento. As demais espécies tiveram decréscimo da produção de matéria seca com a redução da luminosidade. Em todas as espécies, houve aumento da concentração de N e redução do teor de matéria seca da forragem, que se tornou mais suculenta à sombra. As características morfológicas não apresentaram comportamento padrão, variando conforme a espécie avaliada.Palavras-chave: alterações morfológicas, nitrogênio, sombreamento artificial Grass Forages Production Cultivated under Light ReductionABSTRACT -The objective of this work was to evaluate the influence of three levels of artificial shade (0, 30 and 60%) on dry matter production, nitrogen content and morphological characteristics of six forage grasses (Andropogon gayanus cv. Planaltina, Brachiaria brizantha cv. Marandu, B. decumbens, Melinis minutiflora, Panicum maximum cv. Vencedor and Setaria anceps cv. Kazungula). A randomized block design, with split plots and four replicates, was used; the shading levels were allotted to the plots and the species to the split plots. The results showed that shading affected the production of dry matter, the nitrogen content and the morphological characteristics of the evaluated species. The production of forage was differentially affected by the shade. The dry matter production of P. maximum cv. Vencedor was 19.72% higher, at moderate shade than in broad daylight. The forage production of S. anceps cv. Kazungula, however, was not affected by the shade. The dry matter production of other species decreased with the reduction of the light. In all species there was an increase of N content and reduction of the content of dry matter of the forage, which became juicier in the shade. The morphological characteristics did not show a standard behavior, which varied according to the studied specie.

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“…A. nilotica is considered to have a negative impact on savannas since adult trees of this species are tolerant to fire (Radford et al 2001). A previous study by Burrows et al (1991) observed that on Mitchell grasslands in Australia, A. nilotica was invading the grassland and forming thorny thicket formations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Species distribution model of invasive alien species Acacia nilotica for Central-Eastern Indonesia using Biodiversity Climate Change Virtual Laboratory (BCCVL)

Sutomo

Etten

2017

Trop Drylands

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Abstract. Sutomo, Van Etten E. 2017. Species distribution model of invasive alien species Acacia nilotica for Central-Eastern Indonesia using Biodiversity Climate Change Virtual Laboratory (BCCVL). Trop Drylands 1: 36-42. Climate change may facilitate alien species invasion into new areas. This study uses Biodiversity and Climate Change Virtual Laboratory to develop a species distribution model (SDM) of Acacia nilotica (L.) Willd. ex Delile. based upon its naturalized distribution to project the potential distribution of A. nilotica throughout tropical environment of Indonesia under current and future climate conditions. Global biodiversity information facility database was utilized to obtain the species occurrences data. The climate factors were precipitation and temperature layers, available in Worldclim current conditions at 2.5 arcmin. We used Generalized Linear Model. The result was then projected to the year 2045 using RCP 8.5 greenhouse gas emissions scenarios to influence the climate model (CSIRO Mark 3.0. with 30'' resolution). Final results show that global climate change is likely to increase markedly the potential distribution of A. nilotica in Indonesia. By the year 2045, A. nilotica is most likely to spread to eastern parts of Indonesia. In general, our model performance is good (AUC = 0.82), however, like many other SDMs, it does not take into account biotic interactions as well as other environmental factors. Nonetheless, climatic suitability is an essential requirement for successful establishment of an invasive species and species distribution models that can disclose general patterns and convey useful estimate.

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Management of Savannas for Livestock Production in North-East Australia: Contrasts Across the Tree-Grass Continuum

Cited by 99 publications

References 25 publications

Sagebrush steppe recovery after fire varies by development phase of Juniperus occidentalis woodland

Sagebrush steppe recovery after fire varies by development phase of Juniperus occidentalis woodland

Produção forrageira de gramíneas cultivadas sob luminosidade reduzida

Species distribution model of invasive alien species Acacia nilotica for Central-Eastern Indonesia using Biodiversity Climate Change Virtual Laboratory (BCCVL)

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