Management of Nitrogen-Rich Legume Cover Crops as Mulch in Traditional Olive Orchards

Ferreira, I.Q.; Rodrigues, M. Ângelo; Claro, Ana Marília; Arrobas, Margarida

doi:10.1080/00103624.2015.1059847

Cited by 11 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Available N (NO 3 and NH 4 + ) in the tree-row varied considerably between treatments and year, although trefoil increased soil NO 3 in three out of four years (data not shown). These findings are in contrast to Ferreira et al (2015), who found no increase in soil N as a result of surface deposited legume residue. Compost increased soil NO relative to conventional fertilizer in 2009 with the opposite effect in 2011.…”

Section: Soil Propertiescontrasting

confidence: 99%

“…This more than doubled the total N applied to the trefoil treatments per year which could possibly account for the additional tree growth. However, the amount of this surface deposited N available for tree uptake is unclear (Ferreira et al, 2015). And increased tree growth could also be associated with increased tree root growth and improved access to soil resources (Parker and Mayer, 1996).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Trials in New Zealand, Utah and Portugal showed orchard-grown legumes have the potential to generate 80-194 kg total N ha -1 (Goh et al, 1995;Rowley et al, 2011;Ferreira et al, 2015). Legumes have also been shown to strongly inhibit tree growth through competition, however (Skroch and Shribbs, 1986;Merwin and Stiles, 1994;Antonelli et al, 1997;Hoagland et al, 2008;TerAvest et al, 2011).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Establishing peach trees for organic production in Utah and the Intermountain West

Reeve

Culumber²,

Black

et al. 2017

Scientia Horticulturae

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Adequate weed control and nutrient supply are critical for successful establishment of fruit trees. This is of particular concern in organic orchard establishment. In order to determine the best approach for establishing peach trees (Prunus persica L.) organically in climates characterized by hot dry summers and cold winters such as the North American Intermountain West, seven organic and three integrated and conventional treatment combinations were established in two first leaf orchards at the USU Kaysville Research Farm, Utah, in 2008 and 2009. Treatments consisted of different tree-row and alleyway mulch and fertilizer combinations.

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Section: Soil Propertiescontrasting

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Establishing peach trees for organic production in Utah and the Intermountain West

Reeve

Culumber²,

Black

et al. 2017

Scientia Horticulturae

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“…Poor spring growth in legume cover crops at Alstonville was likely due to low rainfall, with only two rainfall events exceeding 15 mm from July-October 2015 (Supplementary Figure S1). Similar differences in N fixation in legume cover crops in olive groves have been reported between sites in the same region (e.g., 179 vs. 113 kg N ha −1 year −1 ) [18], presumably due to inherent differences in soil fertility and rainfall at the sites. However, it is also possible that the difference in the age of the Pinto peanut stands (around 1 year at Alstonville vs. >10 years at Tuckombil) contributed to differences biomass in productivity.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 66%

Biomass Production and Potential Fixed Nitrogen Inputs from Leguminous Cover Crops in Subtropical Avocado Plantations

Rose

Kearney

2019

Agronomy

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Nitrogen (N) fertiliser is applied to perennial horticultural crops to increase yields, but subsequent N losses in subtropical plantations may be high due to intense rainfall and warmer temperatures. While legume cover crops could potentially contribute N to the tree crops and reduce fertiliser-N requirements, few studies have quantified potential fixed-N inputs from cover crops legumes in tropical or subtropical tree crop systems. To address this, we investigated growth and N fixation of summer-growing Pinto peanut (Arachis pintoi Krapov. & W. C. Greg cv. Amarillo) and winter/spring dominant white clover (Trifolium repens L. cv. Haifa) grown as a mixed species cover crop in two commercial subtropical avocado (Persea americana Mill. cv. Hass) plantations. Legume biomass was assessed prior to mowing of the inter-row (fortnightly in summer and every 6–8 weeks over winter) and N fixation was estimated using the 15N natural abundance technique. Biomass production was 7377 kg ha−1 (930 kg ha−1 for white clover and 6447 kg ha−1 for Pinto peanut) at the first site over the 14-month period from December 2014 to January 2016, and 4467 kg ha−1 (1114 kg ha−1 for white clover and 3353 kg ha−1 for Pinto peanut) at the second site over the same period. Estimation of N fixation was not possible at the first site, due to a lack of difference in isotopic discrimination between the legume shoots and the reference plant (kikuyu (Pennisetum clandestinum Chiov.)) material. While legume shoots accumulated 157 kg N ha−1 (38 kg ha−1 for white clover and 119 kg ha−1 for Pinto peanut) across the season at site 1, the % N derived from atmosphere (%Ndfa) in legumes was relatively low (50–60% in Pinto peanut during the warmer months and around 30% in autumn and early spring, and from 13 % in April to 69% in September for white clover). The low %Ndfa in the legumes may have been due to low rainfall or molybdenum (Mo) deficiency. Ultimately the legume cover crops contributed an estimated 50 kg fixed N ha−1, which could partially offset fertiliser N requirements of the tree crop. Our results demonstrate the need to quantify N fixation in legume cover crops to assess potential N benefits as opposed to relying on typical measurements of legume biomass and N accumulation.

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“…Lime applications supplemented with P or NPK did not significantly influence the organic matter content in the soil. While fertilization can stimulate the development of herbaceous vegetation, increasing the entry of organic substrate into the soil (Ferreira et al 2015), the pH increase, in turn, may have stimulated microbial activity, which enhances organic substrate mineralization (Havlin et al 2014;Santos 2015). The combined balance of these two effects may have resulted in the absence of significant differences between treatments in soil organic matter.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Large Chestnut Trees (Castanea sativa) Respond Poorly to Liming and Fertilizer Application

Rodrigues

Raimundo

Pereira³

et al. 2020

J Soil Sci Plant Nutr

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Establishing a fertilization plan for large trees is particularly difficult due to the high soil volume that the roots exploit and the buffer effect of the perennial woody structure on the concentration of nutrients in the leaves. This work evaluates the response of chestnut, a very large tree, to different fertilizer solutions. The study was conducted in two chestnut orchards planted in acid soils that were subjected to the application of lime plus phosphorus (Lime+P), lime plus a compound NPK fertilizer (Lime+NPK), and an unfertilized control (Control). The effects of the treatments on soil properties, nutritional status and photosynthetic performance of the trees, and nut production, were assessed from field and laboratory analyses. Liming significantly increased soil pH and exchangeable calcium (Ca). Treatments did not significantly influence leaf P and K levels, although leaf N concentrations were significantly higher in the Lime+NPK treatment on two of the three sampling dates. In one of the trials, the average accumulated nut yield was higher in the Lime+NPK (71.7 kg tree −1) treatment compared with the control (59.6 kg tree −1) and the Lime+P (51.7 kg tree −1) treatments, although without significant differences at P < 0.05. Overall, the results show the chestnut tree to be a species tolerant of soil acidity. The results also show that the buffer capacity of the plant in regulating the nutrient concentration in the leaves seems to be higher for P than for N, and therefore, concentrations of N in the leaves require the regular application of the nutrient as a fertilizer.

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Management of Nitrogen-Rich Legume Cover Crops as Mulch in Traditional Olive Orchards

Cited by 11 publications

References 26 publications

Establishing peach trees for organic production in Utah and the Intermountain West

Establishing peach trees for organic production in Utah and the Intermountain West

Biomass Production and Potential Fixed Nitrogen Inputs from Leguminous Cover Crops in Subtropical Avocado Plantations

Large Chestnut Trees (Castanea sativa) Respond Poorly to Liming and Fertilizer Application

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