Management of Lactose Intolerance

Tamm, A

doi:10.3109/00365529409091744

Cited by 36 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 74 publications

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“…It has been suggested that full-fat milk causes fewer symptoms in lactose maldigesters than lactose-free milk (Saavedra & Perman, 1989;Tamm, 1994) which seems to be contrary to general dietary recommendations that advocate low-fat milk products. The effect of the skimming of milk on the digestion of lactose is not known.…”

Section: Introductioncontrasting

confidence: 41%

Milk fat does not affect the symptoms of lactose intolerance

Lember

Korpela³

1997

Eur J Clin Nutr

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Objective: This study investigated the role of the fat content of milk on symptoms of lactose intolerance. Design: Subjects recorded intolerance symptoms using a visual analogue scale (VAS) following ingestion of three test milks of varying fat content for a two-day period. Subjects/Setting: The subjects were thirty adult volunteers, patients of two Estonian out-patient clinics with diagnosed lactose intolerance. The study milks were drunk at home or at work. All thirty subjects completed the study protocol. Intervention: Each subject drank, in random order, fat-free milk (4.9% lactose), high-fat milk (8% fat, 4.9% lactose), and a lactose-free and fat-free control milk. They drank 200 ml of the milk twice a day for two days, one milk type per session, with ®ve days between sessions. The subjects noted their gastrointestinal symptoms during the test periods and during a 5 d milk-free period at the beginning of the study. The occurrence and severity of symptoms were compared. A global measure of the severity of symptoms was de®ned by computing the sum of the symptom scores. Results: The sum of symptoms was higher during all milk periods than during the milk-free period (P`0.01). There were no statistically signi®cant differences in the occurrence or severity of symptoms during the fat-free milk period compared with the high-fat milk period. Conclusions: Even a marked difference in the fat content of milk did not affect the symptoms of lactose intolerance. Consequently, there seems to be no case for recommending full-fat milk products in the treatment of lactose intolerance. Sponsorship: The study was supported by the Foundation of the Finnish Association of Agronomists: Valio Ltd, Finland, provided the test milks.

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Section: Introductioncontrasting

confidence: 41%

Milk fat does not affect the symptoms of lactose intolerance

Lember

Korpela³

1997

Eur J Clin Nutr

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“…The ability to maintain high lactase activity throughout life is inherited as a dominant single-gene trait. LM can be manifested clinically as lactose intolerance (LI) by flatulence, bloating, distention, diarrhea and abdominal pain leading to decreased intake of milk (and calcium) (Tamm, 1994). The effect of lactose and lactase enzyme activity on the absorption of calcium is controversial: in some reports decreased calcium absorption is reported in lactase-deficient subjects (Cochet et al, 1983), but also opposite data exist (Debongnie et al, 1979;Tremaine et al, 1986).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetically defined adult-type hypolactasia and self-reported lactose intolerance as risk factors of osteoporosis in Finnish postmenopausal women

et al. 2005

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Objective: To study the relationships of molecularly defined lactose malabsorption (LM) and self-reported lactose intolerance (LI) to bone mineral density (BMD) and fractures among Finnish postmenopausal women. Design: A cross-sectional study of two cohorts. Setting: Helsinki University Central Hospital. Subjects: One cohort was population-based and comprised 453 women, aged 62-78 (mean 69) y. Another comprised 52 women, aged 69-85 (mean 75) y, with osteoporotic fractures and 59 control women, aged 69-83 (mean 74) y, without osteoporosis. Methods: A single nucleotide polymorphism of the lactase (LCT) gene at chromosome 2q21-22 was studied. It shows complete association with intestinal disaccharidase activity, with the genotype CC À13 910 meaning adult-type hypolactasia (primary LM) and the genotypes CT À13 910 and TT À13 910 lactose absorption. BMD of the heel was measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Results: In the population-based cohort, 16.0% of women had self-reported LI but only 15.3% of them had the CC À13 910 genotype. Calcium intake from dairy products (P ¼ 0.10) and BMD, adjusted for age, weight, height, exercise, smoking, and estrogen use (P ¼ 0.71) were similar for the genotypes. Women with self-reported LI had reduced calcium intake from dairy products (Po0.0001) but they were more frequent users of calcium supplements than lactose-tolerants (Po0.0001). Adjusted BMD was similar for lactose intolerant and tolerant women (P ¼ 0.60). Of 104 women with previous fracture in the populationbased cohort, 13.5% had the CC À13 910 genotype, which did not differ from the prevalence of 19.3% among 347 women without fractures (P ¼ 0.29). The frequency of the CC À13 910 genotype (23.1%) for 52 women with established osteoporosis was similar as for 59 control women (15.3%) (P ¼ 0.19). Conclusion: Molecularly defined LM and self-reported LI are not risk factors for osteoporosis, if calcium intake from diet and/or supplements remains sufficient. Our study confirms the poor correlation between self-reported LI and LM established by different techniques.

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“…Symptoms vary greatly in severity and depend on the amount of lactose ingested and on individual sensitivity and may overlap with those of other gastrointestinal diseases such as irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) or diseases presenting with secondary lactose malabsorption, i.e. celiac disease [3] . Cases of individuals suspecting they have lactose intolerance are more common than the true prevalence of adult-type hypolactasia [4][5][6][7][8][9] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%