Management of isoniazid-monoresistant tuberculosis (Hr-TB) in Queensland, Australia: a retrospective case series

Wilson, Malcolm; O’Connor, Bridget; Matigian, Nicholas; Eather, Geoffrey

doi:10.1016/j.rmed.2020.106163

Cited by 8 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Moreover, Dean et al [9] studied prevalence and genetic profiles of isoniazid resistance in MTB patients on the data reported to WHO for the period 2003-2017 from 156 countries for 211,753 patients, and revealed the global prevalence of Hr-TB was 7.4% among new MTB patients and 11.4% among previously treated MTB patients. Similarly, the 2020 study of HR-TB prevalence in Australia revealed a prevalence of 7.2% [52]. Lastly, Yao et al [53] study on a total of 425 isolates that were included from 13 pilots in China revealed a prevalence of 26.8% and 6.8% for MDR-TB and XDR-TB respectively.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Exploring Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Resistance Patterns to Antibiotics: A BV-BRC Study

Serajian,

Testagrose,

Prosperi

et al. 2024

Preprint

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World Health Organization estimates that there were over 10 million cases of tuberculosis (TB) worldwide in 2019, resulting in over 1.4 million deaths, with a worrisome increasing trend yearly. The disease is caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) through airborne transmission. Treatment of TB is estimated to be 85% successful, however, this drops to 57% if MTB exhibits multiple antimicrobial resistance (AMR), for which fewer treatment options are available. In this paper, we provide an in-depth look at the genetic basis of MTB antibiotic resistance, using the Bacterial and Viral Bioinformatics Resource Center (BV-BRC) and analyzing over 27,000 MTB genomic strains from the BV-BRC database. Our findings offer a detailed picture of resistance prevalence and AMR gene frequencies, especially for second-line and last-resort antibiotics, contributing valuable insights into MTB AMR mechanics and supporting future research and clinical strategies against MTB.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Exploring Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Resistance Patterns to Antibiotics: A BV-BRC Study

Serajian,

Testagrose,

Prosperi

et al. 2024

Preprint

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“…However, a comparison based on ‘assessable’ regimen success, including cure, completion, failure, and death during treatment, is feasible. Our assessable treatment success rate of 95.8% (23/24, not including 1 LTFU) for ≥6REZLfx is comparable to the following assessable H R R S -TB treatment success rates: 97.6% (245/251) for ≥6(H)REZ-quinolone with or without INH (Fregonese et al); 17 94.2% (65/69) utilising ≥6 months of RIF, FQ and various combinations of H, E, Z and Lzd (1 case) (Edwards et al); 18 90.0% (18/20) for ≥6REZLfx (Wilson et al); 19 and 97.3% (73/75) for REZ-quinolone with a mean treatment duration of 9.1 months (Lee et al 20 ). Finally, Bang et al 21 reported H R R S -TB treatment success of 90.0% (36/40) for similar regimens to Edwards et al 18 with a mean duration of 7.6 months, including defaulted and transferred-out patients.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A 10-year review of isoniazid-resistant TB management in Uzbekistan 2009-2020

Rekart,

Thit,

Oluya

et al. 2024

IJTLD OPEN

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<sec><title>BACKGROUND</title>Isoniazid (INH, H) resistance is the most common drug-resistant TB pattern, with treatment success rates lower than those in drug-susceptible TB. The WHO recommends a 6-month regimen of rifampicin (RIF, R), ethambutol (EMB, E), pyrazinamide (PZA, Z), and levofloxacin (Lfx) (6REZLfx) for INH-resistant, RIF-susceptible TB (HRRS-TB). Uzbekistan has a high burden of TB (62/100,000 population) and multidrug-resistant TB (12/100,000 population).</sec><sec><title>METHODS</title>We conducted a retrospective, descriptive study of microbiologically confirmed HRRS-TB using routinely collected programmatic data from 2009 to 2020.</sec><sec><title>RESULTS</title>We included 854 HRRS-TB cases. Treatment success was 80.2% overall. For REZLfx, the treatment success rate was 92.0% over a short treatment duration, with no amplifications to RIF or second-line anti-TB drug resistance. We documented 46 regimens with REZLfx plus linezolid (success 87.0%) and 539 regimens using kanamycin or capreomycin (success 76.6%). We identified 37 treatment failures (4.3%), 30 deaths (3.5%), 25 resistance amplifications (2.9%), including eight to RIF (0.9%), and 99 lost to follow-up (LTFU) cases (11.6%). Unsuccessful outcomes were more common with older age, diabetes, chest X-ray cavities, smear positivity, smear-positive persistence, and male sex. LTFU was more common with injection-containing regimens.</sec><sec><title>CONCLUSIONS</title>REZLfx is a safe and effective first-line treatment for INH-resistant, RIF-susceptible TB. Treatment success was lower and LTFU was higher for injection-containing regimens.</sec>

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“…INH is one of the main drugs in the treatment of TB. 9,10 In patients with INH monoresistant TB, ideally INH drugs should no longer be given in the treatment mix. 11 However, considering that the drug package provided by the National TB Program in Indonesia is a fixed-dose combination (FDC), INH drugs are still given in the treatment of INH monoresistant TB patients.…”

Section: Indonesiamentioning

confidence: 99%

Management of Isoniazid Monoresistant Tuberculosis

Yandhi,

Zen Ahmad

2024

Bioscmed

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lsoniazid (INH) is one of the main first-line drugs used for the treatment of active tuberculosis (TB) and latent TB infection because it has bactericidal capabilities and a good level of safety. The presence of TB germs that are resistant to INH will reduce the effectiveness of TB treatment. The treatment mix for INH monoresistant TB patients is a combination of rifampicin (R), isoniazid (H), pyrazinamide (Z), ethambutol (E), and levofloxacin (Lfx) or R-H-Z-E-Lfx given for 6 months. If a health facility provides loose TB medication, the patient can be given a combination of treatment without INH (R-Z-E-Lfx). In conditions where the Lfx drug cannot be used because there is severe intolerance (serious adverse events) or there are contra indications, the treatment given is the R-H-Z-E combination for 6 months. Clinical monitoring for patients with INH monoresistant TB follows the same principles as treatment of drug-sensitive TB. In conclusion, the treatment guide for INH monoresistant TB patients is a combination of rifampicin (R), isoniazid (H), pyrazinamide (Z), ethambutol (E), and levofloxacin (Lfx) or R-H-Z-E-Lfx for 6 months.

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Management of isoniazid-monoresistant tuberculosis (Hr-TB) in Queensland, Australia: a retrospective case series

Cited by 8 publications

References 8 publications

Exploring Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Resistance Patterns to Antibiotics: A BV-BRC Study

Exploring Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Resistance Patterns to Antibiotics: A BV-BRC Study

A 10-year review of isoniazid-resistant TB management in Uzbekistan 2009-2020

Management of Isoniazid Monoresistant Tuberculosis

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