Management of Ecological Resources for Sustainable Tourism: A Systematic Review on Community Participation in Ecotourism Literature

Abstract

Objectives of the study: This paper aims to analyse how community participation is viewed and implemented in ecotourism projects with evidence from ecotourism literature. The paper elaborates on the evolution and trends of community participation in ecotourism projects. Methodology: With the use of content analysis method, the study analyses literature in the form of journal articles. For the analysis, research articles published from 1990-2019 were collected from journal databases and search engines, including Scopus, Science Direct, Taylor and Francis, and Google Scholar. Originality/ Relevance: The present study intends to address the research gap in ecotourism literature that reviews and descriptively analyze the disseminated information on community participation Findings: The main findings suggest that only some ecotourism projects are successfully running with the full participation of local communities. The extent and type of community participation vary in each ecotourism project depending on social, cultural, and political factors. It also points out the presence of contradicting views regarding its effectiveness and applicability. Theoretical/ Methodological Contributions: Analysis of ecotourism literature on one of the key aspects of ecotourism is necessary to investigate and understand the patterns and themes of community participation and contributes on the directions for future research.

Approaches to Local Community Participation in Tourism Development

“…Translation into fi ve diff erent languages and more than 18000 citations of her article:"A ladder for citizen participation" on google scholar list have proved it. (p. 188) In this campaign, Hasana et al (2022), conclude the four typologies. Th ese typologies have revealed the evolution of LCP in ecotourism.…”

“…Channan(1999) and Arnstein(1969Arnstein( & 1975 have made rhetorical analyses and Gaber (2019) has proved how popular the work of Arnstein guides the researchers till 2019. Cheng et al (2019), Stone and Stone (2020) and Hasana et al (2022) have added their contribution to this campaign. Th ese researchers' fi ndings and their applicability have posed the theories of LCP.…”

Gestión de los conflictos sociales y la gobernanza: una mirada desde la acción transformadora y la intervención del estado

“…Como transformador social, mediante el estallido de un conflicto social, se pueden replantear las dinámicas de interacción entre el Estado y la comunidad, propiciando la mejora en la infraestructura pública y mejores políticas públicas (Bally et al, 2020). Es el caso de los conflictos que surgen por la explotación de recursos turísticos, cuya adecuada gestión permite fortalecer el turismo ecológico -llamado también ecoturismo -que tiene por finalidad reducir los impactos negativos que genera el turismo masivo, y que con adecuadas políticas permiten el desarrollo de una actividad económica sostenible (Hasana et al, 2022).…”

Моделирование Развития Экотуризма На Основе Местных Сообществ В Национальном Парке «Улытау»

“…Жизненно важным подходом к решению проблемы давления на национальные парки и содействию устойчивому управлению природными богатствами является развитие экотуризма [2]. Экотуризм, предлагающий возможность получать доход от природных ресурсов при сохранении окружающей среды, вносит значительный вклад в местную экономику, создавая рабочие места и способствуя устойчивому развитию региона [3].…”