Management of COVID-19 in patients with seizures: Mechanisms of action of potential COVID-19 drug treatments and consideration for potential drug-drug interactions with anti-seizure medications

Abstract

In regard to the global pandemic of COVID-19, it seems that persons with epilepsy (PWE) are not more vulnerable to get infected by SARS-CoV-2, nor are they more susceptible to a critical course of the disease. However, management of acute seizures in patients with COVID-19 as well as management of PWE and COVID-19 needs to consider potential drug-drug interactions between antiseizure drugs and candidate drugs currently assessed as therapeutic options for COVID-19. Repurposing of several licensed and investigational drugs is discussed for therapeutic management of COVID-19. While for none of these approaches, efficacy and tolerability has been confirmed yet in sufficiently powered and controlled clinical studies, testing is ongoing with multiple clinical trials worldwide. Here, we have summarized the possible mechanisms of action of drugs currently considered as potential therapeutic options for COVID-19 management along with possible and confirmed drug-drug interactions that should be considered for a combination of antiseizure drugs and COVID-19 candidate drugs. Our review suggests that potential drug-drug interactions should be taken into account with drugs such as chloroquine/hydroxychloroquine and lopinavir/ritonavir while remdesivir and tocilizumab may be less prone to clinically relevant interactions with ASMs.

Comprehensive Survey of Using Machine Learning in the COVID-19 Pandemic

“…Drug repurposing is an effective solution in mitigating pandemics, which are based on previously approved drugs. This contributed to rapidly increasing the response against that pandemic and accelerated the clinical trials [ 161 ]. Therefore, it is considered the best solution to yield an effective and faster drug against COVID-19 [ 162 ].…”

“…Another role of AI in COVID-19 treatment is to discover new chemical compounds, using ML and DL models to identify baricitinib to tackle COVID-19 [ 161 ]. For example, Zahavorkov et al [ 180 ] tried to find inhibitors for the 3-C like protease.…”

Synthesis, crystal structure, potential drug properties for Coronavirus of Co(II) and Zn(II) 2-chlorobenzoate with 3-cyanopyridine complexes

“…With the pandemic, people had to take some disposable precautions, such as masks, visors, overalls, with the guidance of some authorities. Many researchers continue to work for both treatment and permanent prevention [28] , [29] , [30] . Today, drug materials synthesized for use in drug therapy for many viral diseases such as Herpes and HIV are limited.…”

Kobalt(II) 4-Floro- ve 4-Bromobenzoat Nikotinamid Komplekslerinin Hirshfeld Yüzey Analizi, Etkileşim Enerjisi Hesaplamaları ve Koronavirüs Spike Proteini ile Etkileşimlerinin Moleküler Docking Çalışmaları ile İncelenmesi

“…Günümüzde, birçok viral hastalık için ilaç tedavisinde kullanılan ilaç materyalleri sınırlıdır. Pandeminin başlangıcından bu yana SARS-CoV-2 tedavisinde kullanılan ilaçların bazıları halen kullanımdayken bazılarının kullanımı durdurulmuştur (Fakhar et al, 2021;Jain et al, 2021;Rothan & Byrareddy, 2020;Verma et al, 2021). Hesaplamalı yöntemler, hem yapısal özelliklere ilişkin hem de ilaç araştırmaları için hipotezler sunar.…”