Management of atmospheric pollutants from waste incineration processes: the case of Bozen

Ragazzi, Marco; Tirler, Werner; Angelucci, Giulio; Zardi, Dino; Rada, Elena Cristina

doi:10.1177/0734242x12472707

Cited by 47 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…In this frame the environmental impact of an incinerator depends on many factors:  Site characteristics (the local climatology strongly affects the local impact);  Amount of residual MSW (RMSW) to be treated (the off-gas flow-rate is proportional to the amount of RMSW burnt, if its characteristics are steady);  Lower Heating Value (LHV) of the RMSW (this parameter influence the off-gas flow-rate);  Emission concentrations at the stack during operating conditions (keeping steady the off-gas flow-rate, the release of pollutants at the stack is proportional to the pollutants concentrations at the emission);  Stack height (a higher stack fosters the pollutants dilution into the atmosphere);  Off-gas velocity at the stack (higher values of this parameter favor the dilution);  Off-gas temperature at the stack (this parameter is limited by the need of performing energy recovery, but it is clear that higher values foster dilution into the atmosphere);  Yearly operating hours (keeping steady the amount of waste to be fed, a shorter working period causes an increase of the waste flow-rate, with consequences on the peaks of impact). In the literature, an analysis of the effects of the operating hours scheduling is not common both for thermochemical processes [4,5] and for biochemical processes [6][7][8][9][10][11]. The aim of this paper is to go beyond the analyses based on overall balances [12,13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Maintenance strategies and local impact of MSW incinerators

Ragazzi¹,

Torretta²,

Ionescu³

et al. 2013

Energy and Sustainability IV

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The present paper gives a contribution to the understanding of the effects of variations in maintenance scheduling on the environmental impact of municipal solid waste incinerators. The proposed approach allows a vision of their impact beyond the conventional balances. The characteristics of a selected case study were put forward and discussed. A plant proposed for a region in the North East of Italy was chosen for the scheduling effects analysis because of the long period of non-operation of each waste treatment line: 3 months per year as requested from the local environmental protection agency. The following effects were discussed on a yearly basis: maintenance stop fractionation, maintenance stop lasting, maintenance stop seasonal scheduling; the last aspect was discussed also at device level. The extreme scenario of seasonal stop gave the opportunity of assessing the highest reduction of yearly average impact from the stack, varying the season of maintenance: a reduction up to 23% could be obtained for the pollutants concentration contribution at ground level in the area of highest impact, comparing the worst case with the best case by a diffusive model. In the case of more common periods of stops for maintenance the reduction would be lower. The role of district heating must be taken into account too.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Maintenance strategies and local impact of MSW incinerators

Ragazzi¹,

Torretta²,

Ionescu³

et al. 2013

Energy and Sustainability IV

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“…However, the results presented will be useful for achieving an improved understanding of the typical surface wind and ABL processes affecting air quality Gohm et al, 2009;Palau et al, 2005;Pérez-Landa et al, 2007;Rada et al, 2011;Ragazzi et al, 2013;Schnitzhofer et al, 2009), urban weather and climate (Giovannini et al, 2011(Giovannini et al, , 2013a(Giovannini et al, , 2014, turbulent fluxes ) and atmospheric convection leading to precipitation events (Bertò et al, 2004;Kalthoff et al, 2009;Eigenmann et al, 2009;Pucillo et al, 2009) in the study area. For example, in the warm season the Ora del Garda arrival in the afternoon may plausibly be expected to reduce the concentration of (locally emitted) pollutants and mitigate the temperature in the densely populated urban areas north of Trento.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of the diurnal development of a lake-valley circulation in the Alps based on airborne and surface measurements

et al. 2014

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Abstract. This study investigates the thermal structures of the atmospheric boundary layer (ABL) and the near-surface wind field associated with a lake-valley circulation in the south-eastern Italian Alps -the so-called Ora del Garda. Two flights of an equipped motorglider allowed for the exploration of the diurnal evolution of this circulation, from the onset, on Lake Garda's shoreline, throughout its development along the Sarca Valley and Lakes Valley (Valle dei Laghi), to the outflow into the Adige Valley. At the same time, surface observations, both from a targeted field campaign and from routinely operated weather stations, supported the analysis of the development of the Ora del Garda at the valley floor.In particular, in the valleys typical ABL vertical structures, characterized by rather shallow convective mixed layers (∼ 500 m) and (deeper) weakly stable layers above, up to the lateral crest height, are identified in the late morning. In contrast, close to the lake the ABL is stably stratified down to very low heights, as a consequence of the intense advection of colder air associated with the Ora del Garda flow (up to 6 m s −1 ). The combined analysis of surface and airborne observations (remapped over 3-D high-resolution grids) suggests that the lake-breeze front propagating up-valley from the shoreline in the late morning penetrates slightly later at the eastern end of the valley inlet (delay: ∼ 1 h), probably due to the asymmetric radiative forcing caused by the N-S valley orientation. On the other hand, in the early afternoon the Ora del Garda overflows through an elevated gap, producing an anomalous, strong cross-valley wind (5 m s −1 ) at the Adige Valley floor north of Trento, which overwhelms the local upvalley wind. This feature is associated with a strong deepening of the local mixed layer (from 400 to 1300 m). The potential temperature 3-D field suggests that the intense turbulent mixing may be attributed to the development of a downslope wind across the gap, followed by a hydraulic jump downstream.

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“…Under fair weather in the warm season, the meteorological conditions are dominated by characteristic thermally-driven circulations, such as valley and slope winds [39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46], which also enhance the formation of clouds over the mountain crests, while in the cold months, long-lived thermal inversions based at the valley floor are rather common [47]. Besides cloudiness, these meteorological situations deeply affect the dispersion of particulate matter and other substances [48,49], affecting atmospheric turbidity in the area [3], and hence the local climatology of global, diffuse, and beam radiation (cf. [50]).…”

Section: The Experimental Datasetmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimating Hourly Beam and Diffuse Solar Radiation in an Alpine Valley: A Critical Assessment of Decomposition Models

et al. 2018

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Accurate solar radiation estimates in Alpine areas represent a challenging task, because of the strong variability arising from orographic effects and mountain weather phenomena. These factors, together with the scarcity of observations in elevated areas, often cause large modelling uncertainties. In the present paper, estimates of hourly mean diffuse fraction values from global radiation data, provided by a number (13) of decomposition models (chosen among the most widely tested in the literature), are evaluated and compared with observations collected near the city of Bolzano, in the Adige Valley (Italian Alps). In addition, the physical factors influencing diffuse fraction values in such a complex orographic context are explored. The average accuracy of the models were found to be around 27% and 14% for diffuse and beam radiation respectively, the largest errors being observed under clear sky and partly cloudy conditions, respectively. The best performances were provided by the more complex models, i.e., those including a predictor specifically explaining the radiation components' variability associated with scattered clouds. Yet, these models return non-negligible biases. In contrast, the local calibration of a single-equation logistical model with five predictors allows perfectly unbiased estimates, as accurate as those of the best-performing models (20% and 12% for diffuse and beam radiation, respectively), but at much smaller computational costs.

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Management of atmospheric pollutants from waste incineration processes: the case of Bozen

Cited by 47 publications

References 20 publications

Maintenance strategies and local impact of MSW incinerators

Maintenance strategies and local impact of MSW incinerators

Analysis of the diurnal development of a lake-valley circulation in the Alps based on airborne and surface measurements

Estimating Hourly Beam and Diffuse Solar Radiation in an Alpine Valley: A Critical Assessment of Decomposition Models

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