Management‐Intensive Rotational Grazing Enhances Forage Production and Quality of Subhumid Cool‐Season Pastures

Abstract

Management‐intensive rotational grazing is used by many farmers seeking to balance profitability, environmental stewardship, and quality of life. Productivity of pastures in much of the upper Midwest is limited to April through October, so promoting high quality forage production during the grazing season and for winter storage is critical to dairy and beef farm profitability. We conducted an experiment on pastures dominated by Kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensis L.), orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata L.), meadow fescue [Schedonorus pratensis (Huds.) P. Beauv.], perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.), and white clover (Trifolium repens L.) to compare forage production, forage quality, and root production under management‐intensive rotational grazing, continuous grazing, haymaking, and land with no agronomic management. Rotational paddocks were grazed by cow‐calf pairs monthly for ∼2 d and then allowed to rest for ∼28 d. Plots designated for haymaking were harvested two times per growing season. Potential utilizable forage, quantified by incorporating the estimates of refused and nonutilized biomass, and relative forage quality were significantly greater under management‐intensive rotational grazing when compared to the other treatments. Root production in the surface 15 cm was significantly lower under both grazing treatments compared to the undefoliated control site. The perception of improved production has been used to advocate for rotationally grazed over continuously grazed systems in subhumid pasture, but experimental results have been equivocal. Our results point to managed grazing as a viable alternative to continuous grazing and haymaking in terms of both forage production and quality but not root production.

Optimizing diet and pasture management to improve sustainability of U.S. beef production

“…Although this scenario also decreased GHG emissions by 1.3% as a result of reduced enteric CH 4 emissions related to increased pasture digestibility, the environmental benefits were at the expense of a 3.2% increase in water use. The benefits of improved forage yield and land use efficiency under management intensive grazing practices have been well documented (Gammon, 1978;Oates et al, 2011;Parker et al, 1992). Pasture yields typically increase with irrigation (Waldron et al, 2002) or fertilization (Monaghan et al, 2005).…”

Effect of Summer Annual Forage and Type of Shade on Grazing Behavior of Beef Stocker Heifers

“…Forage mass and nutritive value data were analyzed for forage type, year, and their interaction. For botanical composition, absolute cover was calculated by dividing species intercepts by total intercepts (Oates, Undersander, Gratton, Bell, & Jackson, 2011). The cover estimates were categorized into the different components: main species (alyceclover or pearl millet), bare soil, and weeds.…”

Management flexibility of a grassland agroecosystem: A modeling approach based on viability theory

“…P(t) is a second state variable corresponding to the production of the system. The model was calibrated to reflect the behavior of a cool-season grassland of southcentral Wisconsin, USA, based on datasets from Brink et al (2013) and Oates et al (2011). For full details on model calibration, see Sabatier et al (2015).…”