Mammalian Orthoreovirus (MRV) Is Widespread in Wild Ungulates of Northern Italy

Arnaboldi, Sara; Righi, Francesco; Filipello, Virginia; Trogu, Tiziana; Lelli, Davide; Bianchi, Alessandro; Bonardi, S.; Pavoni, Enrico; Llombart‐Bosch, Antonio

doi:10.3390/v13020238

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 34 publications

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“…According to the neutralization assays, four major serotypes of MRV have been identified: Type 1 (MRV1), Lang (T1L); Type 2 (MRV2), Jones (T2J); Type 3 (MRV3), Dearing (T3D); and a putative Type 4 (MRV4), Ndelle (T4N). MRV is widespread and infects a broad range of mammals including humans [2], pigs [3], red deer [4], bats [5], cattle [6], minks [7], dogs [8], wild boar [9], chamois [10], and civets [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

First Specific Detection of Mammalian Orthoreovirus from Goats Using TaqMan Real-Time RT-PCR Technology

Mao,

Li,

Cai

et al. 2024

Veterinary Sciences

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Mammalian orthoreovirus (MRV) infections are ubiquitous in multiple mammalian species including humans, and mainly causes gastroenteritis and respiratory disease. In this study, we developed a rapid and sensitive TaqMan qRT-PCR method for MRV detection based on the primers and probe designed within the conserved L1 gene. The qRT-PCR assay was evaluated for its sensitivity, specificity, efficiency and reproducibility. It was found that the detection sensitivity was equivalent to 10 DNA copies/μL, and the standard curves had a linear correlation of R2 = 0.998 with an amplification efficiency of 99.6%. The inter- and intra-assay coefficients of variation (CV%) were in the range of 0.29% to 2.16% and 1.60% to 3.60%, respectively. The primer sets specifically amplified their respective MRV segments and had the highest detection sensitivities of 100.25 TCID50/mL with amplification efficiencies of 99.5% (R2 = 0.999). qRT-PCR was used for MRV detection from samples of sheep, goats, and calves from four regions in China, and the overall MRV prevalence was 8.2% (35/429), whereas 17/429 (4.0%) were detected by RT-PCR and 14/429 (3.3%) by virus isolation. The qRT-PCR assay showed significantly higher sensitivity than RT-PCR and virus isolation. Results from an epidemiological survey indicated that the positive rate of MRV in rectal swabs from sheep and goats tested in Shaanxi, Jiangsu, and Xinjiang were 9/80 (11.3%), 12/93 (12.9%) and 14/128 (10.9%), respectively. In goats and sheep, MRV prevalence was obviously associated with season and age, with a high positive rate of more than 8% during September to April and approximately 13% in small ruminant animals under two months of age. This is the first instance of MRV infection in sheep and goats in China, thus broadening our knowledge of MRV hosts. Consequently, primer optimization for qRT-PCR should not only prioritize amplification efficiency and specificity, but also sensitivity. This assay will contribute to more accurate and rapid MRV monitoring by epidemiological investigation, viral load, and vaccination efficacy.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

First Specific Detection of Mammalian Orthoreovirus from Goats Using TaqMan Real-Time RT-PCR Technology

Mao,

Li,

Cai

et al. 2024

Veterinary Sciences

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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Oncolytic Reoviruses: Can These Emerging Zoonotic Reoviruses Be Tamed and Utilized?

Siew

Loh

Segeran

et al. 2023

DNA and Cell Biology

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Exploring the Lifecycle, Pathophysiology, and Potential Therapeutic Applications of the Reovirus

Iftikhar,

Farooq,

Ali

et al. 2023

PBMJ

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The Reoviridae family of double-stranded RNA viruses includes Reovirus. Both humans and animals might become sick from it. Even though they are often benign, certain strains have been connected to significant illnesses. This review investigates the virus's structure, replication, pathogenesis, clinical significance, and potential therapies. Its unusual capsid form is made up of a segmented genome that encodes twelve proteins and two concentric protein shells. Replication involves uncoating, receptor binding, endocytosis, genome transcription, and cytoplasmic translation. Reovirus masterfully manipulates its host's cellular functions, inducing apoptosis and stress responses that help it spread and multiply. Recently, encephalitis, myocarditis, and maybe even certain cancers have been linked to reovirus, which often produces mild respiratory or gastrointestinal symptoms. To fully understand the viral-host interactions producing these illnesses, further research is necessary. Particularly, the reovirus has promise for oncolytic virotherapy. Whether used alone or in conjunction with other medicines, a range of cancer types have showed positive outcomes in clinical studies. In essence, reovirus is a versatile pathogen that has intimate relationships with its hosts. To realize its therapeutic potential and shed light on its pathogenesis, one must have a complete grasp of its molecular and cellular connections. Unlocking the virus's potential is necessary to predict how it will impact both human and animal health.

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Mammalian Orthoreovirus (MRV) Is Widespread in Wild Ungulates of Northern Italy

Cited by 3 publications

References 34 publications

First Specific Detection of Mammalian Orthoreovirus from Goats Using TaqMan Real-Time RT-PCR Technology

First Specific Detection of Mammalian Orthoreovirus from Goats Using TaqMan Real-Time RT-PCR Technology

Oncolytic Reoviruses: Can These Emerging Zoonotic Reoviruses Be Tamed and Utilized?

Exploring the Lifecycle, Pathophysiology, and Potential Therapeutic Applications of the Reovirus

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