Maltitol Prevents the Progression of Fatty Liver Degeneration in Mice Fed High-Fat Diets

Urushima, Hayato; Sanada, Yasuaki; Sakaue, Miki; Matsuzawa, Yūji; Ito, Toshinori; Maeda, Kazuhisa

doi:10.1089/jmf.2014.3380

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…On the other hand, triglyceride and fatty acid metabolism are also regulated by FXR. Urushima et al found that dietary maltitol decreased the expression of SREBP1c and increased the expression of PPARα in the liver in a high-fat diet mice model, which were speculated to be correlated with the suppression of hepatic FXR . PXR mediated the relation between FXR and the activation of lipogenic transcriptional factor SREBP1c and deactivation of PPARα. ,, Thereby, FXR is one approach for fighting lipid accumulation through suppressing PPARγ and SREBP1c expression and increasing PPARα expression.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel ι-Carrageenan Tetrasaccharide Alleviates Liver Lipid Accumulation via the Bile Acid–FXR–SHP/PXR Pathway to Regulate Cholesterol Conversion and Fatty Acid Metabolism in Insulin-Resistant Mice

Tian

Cai

et al. 2021

J. Agric. Food Chem.

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ι-Carrageenan tetrasaccharide (ιCTs), a novel oligosaccharide, was hydrolyzed from ι-carrageenan with targeting marine tool-enzyme Cgi82A. Previously, we have found ιCTs exhibited a hypoglycemic effect, whether it could regulate lipid metabolism remains unknown. In this study, the insulin-resistant mice induced by high-fat−high-sucrose diet were orally administrated with ιCTs (30 mg/kg•bw) for 20 weeks. The results showed that the contents of triglyceride and cholesterol in both serum and liver were reduced by ιCTs, and their excretion in feces were promoted, suggesting lipid accumulation was inhibited. Intriguingly, the overall levels of bile acid in serum, liver, and feces were all raised by ιCTs. Given that bile acids are the essential signal factors for regulating lipid metabolism via the farnesoid-X-receptor (FXR), we conducted serum bile acid profile analysis and found that the levels of high-affinity agonists deoxycholic acid and lithocholic acid were decreased in the ιCTs group, showing that ιCTs failed to activate FXR. Western blot analysis showed that ιCTs downregulated hepatic FXR and small heterodimer partner (SHP) expression and increased downstream CYP7A1 expression via regulating the FXR−SHP signal to accelerate liver cholesterol conversion. Meanwhile, ιCTs decreased the expression of PXR and SREBP1c and elevated the expression of PPARα and CPT1α via regulating the FXR-PXR-SREBP1c/PPARα signal to inhibit fatty acid synthesis and promote fatty acid β-oxidation. To the best of our knowledge, this study for the first time reported that ιCTs alleviated liver lipid accumulation via the bile acid−FXR−SHP/PXR signal to regulate cholesterol conversion and fatty acid metabolism, which highlighted a new idea for ameliorating insulin resistance.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel ι-Carrageenan Tetrasaccharide Alleviates Liver Lipid Accumulation via the Bile Acid–FXR–SHP/PXR Pathway to Regulate Cholesterol Conversion and Fatty Acid Metabolism in Insulin-Resistant Mice

Tian

Cai

et al. 2021

J. Agric. Food Chem.

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“…A similar result was shown with dietary sorbitol and xylitol which decreased plasma triglyceride and cholesterol, and fat tissue weights in rats [ 142 ]. Matitol supplementation suppressed weight gain, hepatic fat degeneration, hyperglycemia and hypercholesterolemia in mice fed high-fat diets [ 143 ] In addition, the epilactose in the diet lowered the levels of plasma total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in rats [ 144 ]. Dietary FOS also showed a hypolipidemic effect in rats, for example, decreasing total cholesterol and triglycerides in blood [ 145 ].…”

Section: Effects On Nutrient Digestion Absorption and Systemic Mmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gut Function-Enhancing Properties and Metabolic Effects of Dietary Indigestible Sugars in Rodents and Rabbits

2015

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Indigestible sugars (iS) have received particular interest in food and nutrition research due to their prebiotic properties and other health benefits in humans and animals. The main aim of this review article is to summarize the current knowledge regarding digestive and health-enhancing properties of iS such as sugar alcohols, oligosacharides, and polysaccharides, in rodents and rabbits. Besides ameliorating gut health, iS ingestion also elicits laxative effects and stimulate intestinal permeability and fluid secretions, thereby shortening digesta transit time and increasing stool mass and quality. In rodents and rabbits, as hindgut fermenters, consumption of iS leads to an improved nutrient digestibility, too. Cecal fermentation of iS reduces luminal pH and extends wall tissue facilitating absorption of key dietary minerals across hindgut. The microbial fermentation of iS also enhances excessive blood nitrogen (N) flowing into the cecum to be used as N source for bacterial growth, enhancing N retention in cecotrophic animals. This review also highlights the impact of iS on improving lipid metabolism, mainly by lowering cholesterol and triglycerides levels in the blood. The paper serves as an index of the current knowledge of iS effects in rodents and rabbits and also identifies gaps of knowledge that need to be addressed by future research.

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“…A study by Urushima et al [ 109 ] demonstrated that supplementation with maltitol suppressed obesity, hyperglycemia, hypercholesterolemia, and fatty liver degeneration in mice fed a high-fat diet. Therefore, maltitol may be useful for treating patients in the initial stages of fatty liver disease to improve steatohepatitis.…”

Section: Sweetenersmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Bioactive Aliment Compounds and Micronutrients on Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Munteanu

Schwartz

2023

Antioxidants

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In the current review, we focused on identifying aliment compounds and micronutrients, as well as addressed promising bioactive nutrients that may interfere with NAFLD advance and ultimately affect this disease progress. In this regard, we targeted: 1. Potential bioactive nutrients that may interfere with NAFLD, specifically dark chocolate, cocoa butter, and peanut butter which may be involved in decreasing cholesterol concentrations. 2. The role of sweeteners used in coffee and other frequent beverages; in this sense, stevia has proven to be adequate for improving carbohydrate metabolism, liver steatosis, and liver fibrosis. 3. Additional compounds were shown to exert a beneficial action on NAFLD, namely glutathione, soy lecithin, silymarin, Aquamin, and cannabinoids which were shown to lower the serum concentration of triglycerides. 4. The effects of micronutrients, especially vitamins, on NAFLD. Even if most studies demonstrate the beneficial role of vitamins in this pathology, there are exceptions. 5. We provide information regarding the modulation of the activity of some enzymes related to NAFLD and their effect on this disease. We conclude that NAFLD can be prevented or improved by different factors through their involvement in the signaling, genetic, and biochemical pathways that underlie NAFLD. Therefore, exposing this vast knowledge to the public is particularly important.

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Maltitol Prevents the Progression of Fatty Liver Degeneration in Mice Fed High-Fat Diets

Cited by 5 publications

References 45 publications

Novel ι-Carrageenan Tetrasaccharide Alleviates Liver Lipid Accumulation via the Bile Acid–FXR–SHP/PXR Pathway to Regulate Cholesterol Conversion and Fatty Acid Metabolism in Insulin-Resistant Mice

Novel ι-Carrageenan Tetrasaccharide Alleviates Liver Lipid Accumulation via the Bile Acid–FXR–SHP/PXR Pathway to Regulate Cholesterol Conversion and Fatty Acid Metabolism in Insulin-Resistant Mice

Gut Function-Enhancing Properties and Metabolic Effects of Dietary Indigestible Sugars in Rodents and Rabbits

The Effect of Bioactive Aliment Compounds and Micronutrients on Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

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