“…6,9 several reports have confirmed that, as a clinically applicable modality, tae of ptis and select pt1 rectal cancers has shown oncologic outcomes similar to radical surgery. 5,10 however, local and systemic recurrences of ptis and pt1 rectal cancers following tae have been reported. 9,11 Recurrence usually occurs within 5 years after tae, but later recurrences have also been reported.…”