Malignant fibrous histiocytoma of the right upper leg: A case report

Abstract

Introduction. Malignant fibrous histiocytoma is a fast spreading pleomorphic sarcoma with a high malignant potential. Its spreading is characterized with local invasion and distant metastazes with early onset. Most common localisations of development are extremities, trunk and retroperitoneum. Given the line of rare case and specimen, lack of a clear etiology and mechanisms of this disease, as well as adequate histopathologic findings and intraoperative documentation, we presented current status, discuss putative etiology, histopathology with variant morphology, differential diagnosis and treatment modalities. Case report. We presented a 56-years-old female Serbian with tumor in the thigh that clinically resembles incapsulated hematoma. Computed tomography revealed intramuscular tumor with a heterodense structure and compression on surround tissue. Ex tempore biopsy specimen showed malignant potential of the tumor. Wide and radical excision of the nodule has been done, and definitive histopathological verification revealed malignant fibrous histiocytoma. Conclusion. Malignant fibrous histiocytoma is a most common type of soft tissue sarcomas in adults. Frequent localization is on lower extremities, and every rapidly enlarging nodule in this localization that on computed tomography is like incapsulated hematoma with necrotic zone should alert suspicion on presence of this type of sarcoma. [Project of the Serbian Ministry of Education, Science and Technological Development, Grant no. III41007 and Grant no. III41010]

A Detailed Examination of Retroperitoneal Undifferentiated Pleomorphic Sarcoma: A Case Report and Review of the Existing Literature

“…Initially identified as malignant fibrous histiocytoma, UPS has undergone various nomenclatural changes and is currently recognized for its pleomorphic, often undifferentiated cellular characteristics, making it the most prevalent soft-tissue tumor in adults, occurring in 20% of cases [5]. This tumor type predominantly affects middle-aged and elderly males and is more commonly found in the extremities than in the retroperitoneal space [6][7][8]. Despite its low incidence-increasing from 3 cases per 100,000 people in 2013 to three 3 per 45,000 currently-UPS demonstrates a worrying trend towards a gradual increase in occurrence [6,9].…”

“…Undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma exhibits a distinct preference for anatomical localization, predominantly affecting the extremities, where it is most frequently diagnosed [8]. Approximately 50% of all UPS cases are found in the lower extremities, and another 20% in the upper extremities, predominantly affecting middle-aged to elderly males [21,22].…”