Male gametophyte development and function in angiosperms: a general concept

Hafidh, Said; Fíla, Jan; Honys, David

doi:10.1007/s00497-015-0272-4

Cited by 115 publications

(82 citation statements)

References 219 publications

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“…In angiosperms, the embryo sac is the female gametophyte and is embedded within the ovule, whereas the pollen grain is the male gametophyte and is located inside the anther (Drews and Yadegari 2002; Borg et al 2009). Pollen development is a complex process that ends with the release of mature pollen grains from the anthers at flower anthesis (Twell 2002; Honys et al 2006; Hafidh et al 2016). A major event during pollen development is the meiosis of the pollen mother cell, which results in formation of a tetrad of haploid microspores.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Untargeted metabolomic analysis of tomato pollen development and heat stress response

Paupière

Müller

et al. 2017

Plant Reprod

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Key message Pollen development metabolomics. AbstractDeveloping pollen is among the plant structures most sensitive to high temperatures, and a decrease in pollen viability is often associated with an alteration of metabolite content. Most of the metabolic studies of pollen have focused on a specific group of compounds, which limits the identification of physiologically important metabolites. To get a better insight into pollen development and the pollen heat stress response, we used a liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry platform to detect secondary metabolites in pollen of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) at three developmental stages under control conditions and after a short heat stress at 38 °C. Under control conditions, the young microspores accumulated a large amount of alkaloids and polyamines, whereas the mature pollen strongly accumulated flavonoids. The heat stress treatment led to accumulation of flavonoids in the microspore. The biological role of the detected metabolites is discussed. This study provides the first untargeted metabolomic analysis of developing pollen under a changing environment that can serve as reference for further studies.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s00497-017-0301-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Untargeted metabolomic analysis of tomato pollen development and heat stress response

Paupière

Müller

et al. 2017

Plant Reprod

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“…During the course of evolution, this complete dependence on apoplasmic transport gave rise to myriad pollen-specific sugar carriers that mediate pollen sugar uptake during development, germination, and pollen tube growth (Table I provides an overview of sugar transporters characterized in Arabidopsis and their site[s] of floral expression). Immature pollen grains utilize sugars for cell wall synthesis as well as to build up the carbon reserves that will be utilized during germination (Hafidh et al, 2016).…”

Section: Carbohydrate Partitioning and Metabolism In Floral Organsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Floral Metabolism of Sugars and Amino Acids: Implications for Pollinators’ Preferences and Seed and Fruit Set

Borghi

Fernie

2017

Plant Physiol.

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Primary metabolism in flowers sustains a plenitude of physiological and ecological functions related to floral development and plant reproduction. Carbohydrates and amino acids provide energy and precursors for the reactions of floral secondary metabolism, such as the molecules for color and scent, and constitute an important resource of food for the pollinators. Recent discoveries have advanced our understanding of the cycles of carbohydrate hydrolysis and resynthesis that regulate pollen development, pollen tube growth, and pollination as well as the composition of nectar. Pathways of de novo amino acid biosynthesis have been described in flowers, and the proteins that regulate pollen tube guidance and ultimately control fertilization are being progressively characterized. Finally, a novel field of research is emerging that investigates the chemical modification of sugars and amino acids by colonizing microorganisms and how these affect the pollinators' preferences for flowers. In this Update article, we provide an overview of the new discoveries and future directions concerning the study of the primary metabolism of flowers.The chemistry of flowers is unique, as it sustains very diverse physiological functions such as flower development, the transition from flower to fruit, and the initial phases of seed set (O'Neill, 1997;Pélabon et al., 2015). In addition, floral metabolites fulfill relevant ecological roles, such as acting as signaling molecules in the chemical communication with animal pollinators (Borghi et al., 2017), providing protection against pests and colonizing microorganisms (Kessler and Baldwin, 2007;Nepi, 2014). Stunning displays of the metabolic resources of flowers are, for example, their colors and fragrance, which occur following the accumulation and emission of tinted and scented secondary metabolites, respectively (Grotewold, 2006;Tanaka et al., 2008;Khan and Giridhar, 2015). Perhaps less sensational, but equally as important, are the reactions of primary metabolism. Indeed, these sustain the physiology of flowers, provide the chemical precursors, and meet the energy demand of floral secondary metabolism (Muhlemann et al., 2014). Moreover, sugars and amino acids also serve as a nutritional reward for the pollinators that feed on nectar and pollen (Pacini et al., 2006;Heil, 2011;Roy et al., 2017). Therefore, knowing how primary metabolites are imported or de novo synthesized in flowers, and how they are secreted and catabolized, is at the heart of floral biology, being relevant to understand the physiology of plant reproduction and the role that flowers play in the ecosystem. In this article, we aim to provide an overview of floral central metabolism. How primary metabolism sustains flower development, and fruit and seed set, also will be addressed. Finally, given the considerable proportion of primary metabolites that are channeled into nectar, we will discuss the chemical composition of nectar, the modifications that arise from fermentation processes by colonizing yeasts and bacteria, an...

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“…The articles in this issue summarize current knowledge of male gametophyte stress responses at RNA, protein, lipid and epigenetic levels. Hafidh et al (2016) provide an overview of cellular processes involved in pollen development and pollen tube growth including the mechanisms of communication between male and female gametophytes in the latter process and of stress response. A particular focus is placed on posttranscriptional regulation and the involvement of posttranslational modifications of proteins.…”

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confidence: 99%