MALDI Mass Spectrometric Imaging of Cardiac Tissue Following Myocardial Infarction in a Rat Coronary Artery Ligation Model

Abstract

Although acute myocardial infarction (MI) is consistently among the top causes of death in the United States, the spatial distribution of lipids and metabolites following MI remains to be elucidated. This work presents the investigation of an in vivo rat model of MI using mass spectrometric imaging (MSI) and multivariate data analysis. MSI was conducted on cardiac tissue following a 24-hour left anterior descending coronary artery ligation in order to analyze multiple compound classes. First, the spatial distribution of a small metabolite, creatine, was used to identify areas of infarcted myocardium. Second, multivariate data analysis and tandem mass spectrometry were used to identify phospholipid (PL) markers of MI. A number of lysophospholipids demonstrated increased ion signal in areas of infarction. In contrast, select intact PLs demonstrated decreased ion signal in the area of infarction. The complementary nature of these two lipid classes suggest increased activity of phospholipase A2, an enzyme that has been implicated in coronary heart disease and inflammation.

Mass spectrometry images acylcarnitines, phosphatidylcholines, and sphingomyelin in MDA-MB-231 breast tumor models

“…MALDI-MSI has recently been applied in lipidome studies of human skin ( 8 ), veins ( 9 ), and ovary ( 10 ); mouse embryo implantation sites ( 11 ), tongue ( 12 ), and leg muscle ( 13,14 ); and rat spinal cord ( 15 ), cardiac tissue ( 16 ), and liver ( 17 ). Mammalian brain tissue, due to its high lipid content, has also been extensively studied by MSI.…”

Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Imaging Mass Spectrometry: New Technology for Vascular Pathology

“…Another application for MALDI-IMS is for discovering biomarkers.Menger et al [38 ]used it to reveal potential markers for myocardial infarction within intact cardiac tissue. The researchers reported that creatine, a metabolite involved in the creatine kinase metabolic pathway, demonstrated a decreased ion signal within the areas of infarcted tissue.…”

Cyclotides Associate with Leaf Vasculature and Are the Products of a Novel Precursor in Petunia (Solanaceae)

“…MALDI-MSI (31) has been applied in the study of animal and human tissues as a research tool as well as in a medical diagnostic capacity in the study of disease pathology (32)(33)(34) and to monitor drug pharmacokinetics (35,36). Recent examples of plant MALDI-MSI providing insights through spatial information include the peptide analytes of developing soybean cotyledons (37), secreted peptide hormones involved in plant development in Arabidopsis roots (38), and small-molecule glucosinolate derivatives involved in plant defense from Arabidopsis leaves (39).…”