Malaria prevention practices and malaria prevalence among children living in a rural community in Southwest Nigeria

Abstract

Introduction: Living conditions in most rural African communities favour malaria transmission and threaten global eradication. Prevention strategies and interventions such as the use of bed nets have reduced the prevalence of malaria. This study described the various methods employed to prevent malaria and their effects on malaria parasite prevalence among children living in a rural community in Nigeria.
 Methodology: A community-based cross-sectional study conducted among 357 children aged 1–15 years, in a Nigerian rural community. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 25. Chi-squared test of association with a level of significance of p < 0.050 was used.
 Results: Only 110 (30.8%) participants owned mosquito nets. Mostly those from the high social class (45; 40.9%) used the nets, and these were mostly ‘under-five’ children. Thirty-six (10.1%) were routinely given antimalarial drugs for malaria prophylaxis. Also, 102 (28.6%), 151 (42.3%), 278 (77.9%), 99 (27.7%) and 15 (5.0%) children used insecticides, local herbs, window nets, outlet door nets and mosquito repellent creams respectively. None of the methods employed to prevent malaria had statistically significant effect on malaria parasite prevalence among participants (p > 0.050).
 Conclusions: Malaria prevention methods were mostly practiced by participants of the high social class while children under-five considerably used mosquito nets. This study highlights the need to address the socio-demographic imbalance regarding malaria preventive measures in the community where the study was conducted. There is also a need to regulate the use of antimalarial drugs for malaria prophylaxis in the rural community. These suggest that the current malaria prevention methods in the community be reviewed.

Assessing the relationship between malaria incidence levels and meteorological factors using cluster-integrated regression

“…Notably, the significance of certain individual-specific effects suggests substantial variability in malaria incidence outcomes specific to these five cities, beyond the explanatory capacity of observed variables (rainfall and temperature). Indeed factors, such as mosquito breeding site availability and human behaviors (e.g., healthcare-seeking practices, bed net usage), can influence these effects [ 53 , 54 ].…”

Malaria treatment failure after Artemisinin-based combination therapy: A case series of children managed at a private tertiary hospital in southwest Nigeria

“…Poor-quality drugs (counterfeit or sub -standard) have been documented as causes of treatment failure and development of resistance (5). In addition to this, some practices such as the indiscriminate use of ACT for malaria prophylaxis as observed in a rural community in southwest Nigeria (11) or the over-diagnosis and presumptive treatment of clinical malaria (5) may contribute to development of resistance to artemisinins. There are several studies that have inferred a possibility of artemisinin resistance in Nigeria (6)(7)(8), nonetheless, artemisininresistance is yet to be established in this part of the world (5).…”