Malaria chemoprophylaxis with chloroquine in young Nigerian children

Bradley-Moore, Alice M.; Greenwood, Brian; Bradley, A. K.; Bartlett, Anne; Bidwell, D. E.; Voller, A.; Craske, J.; Kirkwood, Betty; Gilles, H. M.

doi:10.1080/00034983.1985.11811963

Cited by 50 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Children with asymptomatic malaria have lower GMTs after MCV-C (94, 348) and aP (349) vaccination but no difference in antibody responses to tetanus vaccination (350,351). Malaria prophylaxis given to children prior to vaccination has no influence on GMTs or SCRs after diphtheria (352)(353)(354)(355), IPV (355), measles (352,353,356), OCV (357), OPV (353), pertussis (352), Salmonella Typhi (353,357), or tetanus (352-355, 358, 359) vaccination. Malaria prophylaxis also has no influence on the size of the tuberculin skin reaction after BCG vaccination (353).…”

Section: Extrinsic Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Malaria prophylaxis given to children prior to vaccination has no influence on GMTs or SCRs after diphtheria (352)(353)(354)(355), IPV (355), measles (352,353,356), OCV (357), OPV (353), pertussis (352), Salmonella Typhi (353,357), or tetanus (352-355, 358, 359) vaccination. Malaria prophylaxis also has no influence on the size of the tuberculin skin reaction after BCG vaccination (353). However, GMTs after vaccination with MCV-A and MCV-C are (transiently) higher in children who are on malaria prophylaxis (348,353).…”

Section: Extrinsic Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Malaria prophylaxis also has no influence on the size of the tuberculin skin reaction after BCG vaccination (353). However, GMTs after vaccination with MCV-A and MCV-C are (transiently) higher in children who are on malaria prophylaxis (348,353).…”

Section: Extrinsic Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Factors That Influence the Immune Response to Vaccination

2019

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SUMMARYThere is substantial variation between individuals in the immune response to vaccination. In this review, we provide an overview of the plethora of studies that have investigated factors that influence humoral and cellular vaccine responses in humans. These include intrinsic host factors (such as age, sex, genetics, and comorbidities), perinatal factors (such as gestational age, birth weight, feeding method, and maternal factors), and extrinsic factors (such as preexisting immunity, microbiota, infections, and antibiotics). Further, environmental factors (such as geographic location, season, family size, and toxins), behavioral factors (such as smoking, alcohol consumption, exercise, and sleep), and nutritional factors (such as body mass index, micronutrients, and enteropathy) also influence how individuals respond to vaccines. Moreover, vaccine factors (such as vaccine type, product, adjuvant, and dose) and administration factors (schedule, site, route, time of vaccination, and coadministered vaccines and other drugs) are also important. An understanding of all these factors and their impacts in the design of vaccine studies and decisions on vaccination schedules offers ways to improve vaccine immunogenicity and efficacy.

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Section: Extrinsic Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Extrinsic Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Factors That Influence the Immune Response to Vaccination

2019

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“…Several trials of interventions that suppress or prevent malaria infection, including insecticide‐treated bednets, antimalarial chemoprophylaxis and insecticide residual spraying (IRS) measured the effect on anaemia in African children (Draper 1960; Bradley‐Moore et al. 1985b; Snow et al.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of malaria control on childhood anaemia in Africa – a quantitative review

Korenromp

Schellenberg

Williams

et al. 2004

Tropical Med Int Health

168

161

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Summaryobjective To review the impact of malaria control on haemoglobin (Hb) distributions and anaemia prevalences in children under 5 in malaria-endemic Africa.methods Literature review of community-based studies of insecticide-treated bednets, antimalarial chemoprophylaxis and insecticide residual spraying that reported the impact on childhood anaemia. Anaemia outcomes were standardized by conversion of packed cell volumes into Hb values assuming a fixed threefold difference, and by estimation of anaemia prevalences from mean Hb values by applying normal distributions. Determinants of impact were assessed in multivariate analysis.results Across 29 studies, malaria control increased Hb among children by, on average, 0.76 g/dl [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.61-0.91], from a mean baseline level of 10.5 g/dl, after a mean of 1-2 years of intervention. This response corresponded to a relative risk for Hb < 11 g/dl of 0.73 (95% CI: 0.64-0.81) and for Hb < 8 g/dl of 0.40 (95% CI: 0.25-0.55). The anaemia response was positively correlated with the impact on parasitaemia (P ¼ 0.005, P ¼ 0.008 and P ¼ 0.01 for the three outcome measures), but no relationship with the type or duration of malaria intervention was apparent. Impact on the prevalence of Hb < 11 g/dl was larger in sites with a higher baseline parasite prevalence. Although no age pattern in impact was apparent across the studies, some individual trials found larger impacts on anaemia in children aged 6-35 months than in older children.conclusion In malaria-endemic Africa, malaria control reduces childhood anaemia. Childhood anaemia may be a useful indicator of the burden of malaria and of the progress in malaria control.

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“…Several studies have shown no impact of malaria on immune response to live‐attenuated measles vaccine (Bradley‐Moore et al. 1985; Cenac et al.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship of measles vaccination with anaemia and malaria in western Kenya

Desai

Holtz

Helfand³

et al. 2005

Tropical Med Int Health

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Summaryobjective Mild viral illness, including that following immunization with live attenuated measles virus (LAMV), has been associated with transient decreases in haemoglobin (Hb) and cellular immune response that may persist for several weeks. In areas of intense malaria transmission, such as western Kenya, infants experience a progressive drop in Hb until age 9-10 months and one-third may have Hb < 8 g/dl. These children may be at risk of developing severe anaemia with further haematological insult. The objective of this paper was to determine if immunization with LAMV was associated with increased risk of transient anaemia and malaria infection.methods Data from previous cross-sectional surveys (n ¼ 5970) and one cohort study (n ¼ 546) conducted among pre-school children were analyzed retrospectively.results Measles vaccination coverage between 12 and 23 months of age ranged from 44.8% to 62.7%. Hb concentrations in children aged 6-23 months with documented measles immunization within the previous 14 or 30 days (n ¼ 103) were similar to those with no history of measles immunization in the previous 90 days (n ¼ 996); mean differences [95% confidence interval (CI)] by 30 days were: in cross-sectional surveys, )0.49 g/dl ()1.12, 0.14); in the cohort study, )0.032 g/dl ()0.52, 0.46). Similarly, the risk of malaria parasitemia or severe to moderate anaemia did not differ.conclusion These data do not suggest that the transient decrease in Hb and cellular immune response after immunization with LAMV results in clinically significant changes in the risk of subsequent severe to moderate anaemia or malaria in young children living in malaria-endemic regions.

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Malaria chemoprophylaxis with chloroquine in young Nigerian children

Cited by 50 publications

References 13 publications

Factors That Influence the Immune Response to Vaccination

Factors That Influence the Immune Response to Vaccination

Impact of malaria control on childhood anaemia in Africa – a quantitative review

Relationship of measles vaccination with anaemia and malaria in western Kenya

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