Making Things by Self-Assembly

Boncheva, Mila; Whitesides, George M.

doi:10.1557/mrs2005.208

Cited by 174 publications

(134 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…The directed-or selfassembly of particles, also known as the ''bottom-up'' strategy, has great potential to overcome size limitations and processing restrictions of current ''top-down'' manufacturing processes, such as photolithography. [32][33][34][35] The anisotropic nature of the patchy particle surface enables a certain degree of control over the assembly process, since the specific interactions with and between patches can provide a driving force for assembly of a targeted structure. Several computational studies on the self-assembly of patchy particles have been reported and these have pushed the imagination of the patchy particle community to new heights.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fabrication, Assembly, and Application of Patchy Particles

Pawar

Kretzschmar

2010

Macromol. Rapid Commun.

447

411

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The site‐specific engineering of colloidal surfaces has provided a powerful approach to pushing the boundaries of today's materials research. The resulting surface‐anisotropic and patchy particles have become the center of vital research areas, ranging from the need for large‐scale fabrication techniques to exploring new applications of these materials. This Review summarizes patchy particle fabrication techniques, including but not limited to particle and nanosphere lithography and glancing‐angle deposition. The variety of existing patchy particle fabrication techniques is revealed and the need for a scalable approach to high‐volume patchy particle production is identified. Ongoing modeling efforts describing patchy particle interactions and properties are reviewed as potential predictive tools. Research endeavors that deal with the directed assembly of patchy particles in electric and magnetic fields, as well as with supraparticular assembly through chemical interactions, are discussed. The Review is concluded with a note on the future application of patchy particles as phoretic motors.magnified image

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fabrication, Assembly, and Application of Patchy Particles

Pawar

Kretzschmar

2010

Macromol. Rapid Commun.

447

411

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“…2 Temperature/agitation. For self-assembly to occur, the assembling components need to interact via balancing repulsive and attractive forces, or they must be able to move and adjust their relative positions [64]. The thermal energy which moves around the components of the first stage (i.e.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The physical chemistry of the stratum corneum lipids

Boncheva

2014

Intern J of Cosmetic Sci

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SynopsisThe extracellular matrix of stratum corneum (SC) participates actively in the defensive performance of human skin. Understanding its physicochemical properties is essential for understanding the skin homoeostasis, for the development of efficient therapies for skin disorders and diseases and for ensuring the safety of products designed for topical application. This article summarizes the current knowledge of the composition, self-assembly and molecular organization of the SC lipids, reviews the evidence connecting these parameters and the barrier properties of human skin, and outlines the immediate issues in the field of SC lipid research. R ESUM E: La matrice extracellulaire du stratum corneum (SC) participe activement a la performance d efensive de la peau humaine. Comprendre ses propri et es physico-chimiques est essentielle pour comprendre l'hom eostasie de la peau, pour le d eveloppement de th erapies efficaces pour les troubles et les maladies de la peau, et pour assurer la s ecurit e des produits conc ßus pour une application topique. Cet article r esume les connaissances actuelles sur la composition, l'auto-assemblage, et l'organisation mol eculaire des lipides SC, examine les preuves reliant ces param etres et les propri et es de barri ere de la peau humaine, et d ecrit les probl emes imm ediats dans le domaine de la recherche sur les lipides SC. IntroductionThe field of skin research is replete with opportunities for those intent on working on scientifically interesting topics while making a noticeable, positive difference in people's lives [1]. The range of important problems that the field can help solving is broad. It comprises (i) reducing infant mortality, especially in the developing countries where defective skin barrier is the second major cause of preterm mortality [2][3][4][5][6]; (ii) improving the skin health of some 20-30% of the population in the developed countries which suffer from some sort of skin barrier dysfunction [7,8]; (iii) developing efficient strategies for the dermal and transdermal delivery of drugs and vaccines [9]; (iv) increasing the national and personal security by developing methods to retard or prevent the skin penetration of chemical warfare agents, toxic spills and pesticides [10, 11]; (v) enhancing the safety of topical products (e.g. fragrances, cosmetics, cleansing agents, sunscreens and insect repellents) [12]. Thus, the targets in skin research cover the full spectrum from counter-acting leaky skin and preventing its penetration by chemicals to pushing chemicals through it. One common major problem underlies these diverse topics: our insufficient understanding of the factors that determine skin permeability.Understanding the permeability of human skin to a large extent means understanding the extracellular lipid matrix of the stratum corneum (SC), the topmost skin layer which constitutes the main barrier to transdermal fluxes [13][14][15][16][17][18][19]. As the lipid matrix forms an uninterrupted pathway from the skin surface to the viable skin tissu...

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“…Self assembly promises a new paradigm for manufacturing small devices: instead of piece-by-piece manufacturing, structures could spontaneously assemble from individual components into functional devices [1,[3][4][5][6]. Enabling this technology requires understanding how to design parts, and protocols for their assembly, such that structures assemble with high yield.…”

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confidence: 99%

Self-assembly of magnetically interacting cubes by a turbulent fluid flow

et al. 2011

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Previous work (e.g. [1], [2]) has demonstrated that combining mechanical vibration with magnetic interactions can result in the self assembly of complex structures, albeit at low yield. Here we introduce a system where the yield of self assembled structures is quantitatively predicted by a theoretical analysis. Millimeter sized magnetic blocks, designed to form chains as their minimal energy state, are placed in a turbulent fluid flow. The distribution of chain lengths that form is quantitatively consistent with predictions, showing that the chain length distribution coincides with that of monomers/polymers in a thermal bath, with the turbulence strength parameterizing the effective temperature.

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Making Things by Self-Assembly

Cited by 174 publications

References 46 publications

Fabrication, Assembly, and Application of Patchy Particles

Fabrication, Assembly, and Application of Patchy Particles

The physical chemistry of the stratum corneum lipids

Self-assembly of magnetically interacting cubes by a turbulent fluid flow

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