Making sense of intralocus and interlocus sexual conflict

Schenkel, M.; Pen, Ido; Beukeboom, Leo W.; Billeter, Jean‐Christophe

doi:10.1002/ece3.4629

Cited by 32 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 109 publications

(160 reference statements)

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“…The change in males was however more subtle than in females and may not suffice to explain the reduction in female fecundity. Alternatively, this could result from an evolved trade off due to an investment in a larger body size, driven by inter‐locus sexual conflict (Schenkel et al., 2018). In C. remanei, females suffer reduced survival when faced with a large number of males(Diaz et al., 2009).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimentally induced intrasexual mating competition and sex‐specific evolution in female and male nematodes

Stångberg

Immonen

Moreno

et al. 2020

J of Evolutionary Biology

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Sexual dimorphism (SD) refers to phenotypic sex differences in traits other than sexual organs and can be manifested both as sex-limitation of traits, and differential phenotypic expression of shared traits in the two sexes. SD is a widespread phenomenon in sexually reproducing taxa, found in a variety of traits, including morphological and life history traits as well as sexually selected ornaments and armaments (Shine, 1989; Wiens & Tuschhoff, 2020; Wyman et al., 2013). Phenotypic sex differences evolve in response to sex-specific selection that stems from differences in reproductive strategies between the sexes (Fairbairn et al., 2007; Maynard Smith, 1976). For over a century, SD has been a target of intensive research to understand the evolution of intraspecific

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimentally induced intrasexual mating competition and sex‐specific evolution in female and male nematodes

Stångberg

Immonen

Moreno

et al. 2020

J of Evolutionary Biology

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“…Sexually antagonistic selection (SAS) may promote genetic diversity in natural populations. SAS arises when an allele is beneficial to one sex but harmful to the other; that is, when a phenotypic trait has different optima in each sex but a shared genetic basis (9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14). In this case, distinct alleles are differentially selected in the 2 sexes.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Sexually antagonistic selection promotes genetic divergence between males and females in an ant

Eyer

Blumenfeld

Vargo

2019

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Genetic diversity acts as a reservoir for potential adaptations, yet selection tends to reduce this diversity over generations. However, sexually antagonistic selection (SAS) may promote diversity by selecting different alleles in each sex. SAS arises when an allele is beneficial to one sex but harmful to the other. Usually, the evolution of sex chromosomes allows each sex to independently reach different optima, thereby circumventing the constraint of a shared autosomal genome. Because the X chromosome is found twice as often in females than males, it represents a hot spot for SAS, offering a refuge for recessive male-beneficial but female-costly alleles. Hymenopteran species do not have sex chromosomes; females are diploid and males are haploid, with sex usually determined by heterozygosity at the complementary sex-determining locus. For this reason, their entire genomes display an X-linked pattern, as every chromosome is found twice as often in females than in males, which theoretically predisposes them to SAS in large parts of their genome. Here we report an instance of sexual divergence in the Hymenoptera, a sexually reproducing group that lacks sex chromosomes. In the invasive ant Nylanderia fulva, a postzygotic SAS leads daughters to preferentially carry alleles from their mothers and sons to preferentially carry alleles from their grandfathers for a substantial region (∼3%) of the genome. This mechanism results in nearly all females being heterozygous at these regions and maintains diversity throughout the population, which may mitigate the effects of a genetic bottleneck following introduction to an exotic area and enhance the invasion success of this ant.

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“…This made us double-check our methodology, but realizing that “nothing in genetics makes sense except in light of genomic conflict” [22], we concluded that our results may point to a fundamental intralocus sexual conflict that arises for either the PRDM9 gene or closely linked genes at the BTA1 telomere. Such situations in which a genetic locus combines beneficial alleles for females with a selective disadvantage for males have been frequently observed (recently reviewed, [23]). This may stabilize the survival of alleles with a negative impact on fertility despite the obvious importance of this trait to genetic fitness.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bos taurus–indicus hybridization correlates with intralocus sexual-conflict effects of PRDM9 on male and female fertility in Holstein cattle

et al. 2019

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Background: Crossover localization during meiotic recombination is mediated by the fast-evolving zinc-finger (ZnF) domain of gene PRDM9. To study its impact on dairy cattle performance, we compared its genetic variation between the relatively small Israeli (IL) Holsteins and the North American (US) Holsteins that count millions. Results: Initially, we analyzed the major BTA1 haplotypes present in IL Holsteins based on the 10 most telomeric SNPs of the BovineSNP50 BeadChip. Sequencing of representative haplotype carriers indicated that for all frequent haplotypes (> 6%), the variable PRDM9 ZnF array consisted of seven tandem ZnF repeats. Two rare haplotypes (frequency < 4%) carried an indicine PRDM9, whereas all others were variants of the taurine type. These two haplotypes included the minor SNP allele, which was perfectly linked with a previously described PRDM9 allele known to induce unique localization of recombination hotspots. One of them had a significant (p = 0.03) negative effect on IL sire fertility. This haplotype combined the rare minor alleles of the only SNPs with significant (p < 0.05) negative substitution effects on US sire fertility (SCR). Analysis of telomeric SNPs indicated general agreement of allele frequencies (R = 0.95) and of the substitution effects on sire fertility (SCR, R = 0.6) between the US and IL samples. Surprisingly, the alleles that had a negative impact on male fertility had the most positive substitution effects on female fertility traits (DPR, CCR and HCR). Conclusions: A negative genetic correlation between male and female fertility is encoded within the BTA1 telomere. Cloning the taurine PRDM9 gene, which is the common form carried by Holsteins, we encountered the infiltration of an indicine PRDM9 variant into this population. During meiosis, in heterozygous males, the indicine PRDM9 variant may induce incompatibility of recombination hotspots and male infertility. However, this variant is associated with favorable female fertility, which would explain its survival and the general negative correlation (R = − 0.3) observed between male and female fertility in US Holsteins. Further research is needed to explain the mechanism underlying this positive effect and to devise a methodology to unlink it from the negative effect on male fertility during breeding.

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Making sense of intralocus and interlocus sexual conflict

Cited by 32 publications

References 109 publications

Experimentally induced intrasexual mating competition and sex‐specific evolution in female and male nematodes

Experimentally induced intrasexual mating competition and sex‐specific evolution in female and male nematodes

Sexually antagonistic selection promotes genetic divergence between males and females in an ant

Bos taurus–indicus hybridization correlates with intralocus sexual-conflict effects of PRDM9 on male and female fertility in Holstein cattle

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