Major ion chemistry of waters in Lake Qinghai catchments, NE Qinghai-Tibet plateau, China

Xu, Hai; Hou, Zhaohua; An, Zhisheng; Liu, Xiaoyan; Dong, Jibao

doi:10.1016/j.quaint.2008.11.001

Cited by 92 publications

(70 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Ca 2+ and HCO − were the dominant ions in river water, except the sample from the Heima River in June. Their dominance results primarily from the chemical weathering of bedrock (limestone and sandstones) within the rivers' watershed (Jin et al 2010;Xu et al 2010a). Slightly higher K + , Na + , and Cl − were found in the Heima compared to the other rivers in June, while no substantial difference was observed in August.…”

Section: Physicochemical Parameters and Major Ion Composition In Watermentioning

confidence: 99%

Water and sediment quality in Qinghai Lake, China: a revisit after half a century

Xiong

et al. 2013

Environ Monit Assess

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Section: Physicochemical Parameters and Major Ion Composition In Watermentioning

confidence: 99%

Water and sediment quality in Qinghai Lake, China: a revisit after half a century

Xiong

et al. 2013

Environ Monit Assess

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“…Limited by the severe natural conditions, the studies that aim to understand the water chemistry of inland lakes in the Tibetan Plateau are still at a basic stage of investigation. They are mostly focused on areas with convenient traffic, which are heavily disturbed by human activities, such as Lake Qinghai (Xiao et al, 2012;Xu et al, 2010), Lake Nam Co Zhang et al, 2008), Lake Yamzhog Yumco (Sun et al, 2013;Zhang et al, 2012), and Lake Pumayum Co Zhu et al, 2010). These studies showed that there are large variations among the ion compositions of the inland lakes on the plateau.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial-temporal patterns of major ion chemistry and its controlling factors in the Manasarovar Basin, Tibet

et al. 2015

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Abstract:The Manasarovar Basin in southern Tibet, which is considered a holy land in Buddhism, has drawn international academic attention because of its unique geographical environment. In this study, based on actual measurements of major ion concentrations in 43 water samples collected during the years 2005 and 2012, we analyzed systemically the spatialtemporal patterns of water chemistry and its controlling factors in the lake and inflowing rivers. The results reveal that the water in the Manasarovar Basin is slightly alkaline, with a pH ranging between 7.4-7.9. The amounts of total dissolved solids (TDS) in lake and river waters are approximately 325.4 and 88.7 mg/l, respectively, lower than that in most of the surface waters in the Tibetan Plateau. Because of the long-term effect of evaporative crystallization, in the lake, Na + and HCO 3 -have the highest concentrations, accounting for 46.8% and 86.8% of the total cation and anion content. However, in the inflowing rivers, the dominant ions are Ca 2+ and HCO 3 -, accounting for 59.6% and 75.4% of the total cation and anion content. The water exchange is insufficient for such a large lake, resulting in a remarkable spatial variation of ion composition. There are several large inflowing rivers on the north side of the lake, in which the ion concentrations are significantly higher than that on the other side of the lake, with a TDS of 468.9 and 254.9 mg/l, respectively. Under the influence of complicated surroundings, the spatial variations in water chemistry are even more significant in the rivers, with upstreams exhibiting a higher ionic content. The molar ratio between (Ca 2+ +Mg 2+ ) and (Na + +K + ) is much higher than 1.0, revealing that the main source of ions in the waters is carbonate weathering. Although natural processes, such as rock weathering, are the major factors controlling main ion chemistry in the basin, in the future we need to pay more attention to the anthropogenic influence.

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“…The diagram shows relative amounts of different components, and indicates variations in chemical characteristics and controlling factors Ryu et al, 2008). The two lake water samples cluster near the Na + and Cl − end-members, indicating that both lakes belong to the chemical type Na-Cl, typical of salt lake waters (Kilham, 1990;Xu et al, 2010). Na + and Cl − in Lake DQ represent 41%…”

Section: Lake Watersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Because the ratios of Na + to Cl − are almost 1.0 for the inflows into Lake DQ (DA, DB, and DS) and river LB (Fig. 5a), halite weathering appears to have a more significant effect than silicate weathering on these bodies of water (Xu et al, 2010). In contrast, the ratios of Na + to Cl − for rivers LA and LS are greater than 1.0, which indicates that both evaporite and silicate weathering contribute to those waters.…”

Section: Inflowing Small Stream Watersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In particular, the water chemistry of many of the plateau's lakes is affected by changes in the surrounding basin hydrology (Mitamura et al, 2003). In recent decades, research on the surface water chemistry of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau has mostly focused on areas with convenient access and significant impacts of human activities, such as the Qaidam Basin (Tan et al, 2011), Qinghai Lake (Xiao et al, 2012;Xu et al, 2010), and river source regions (Noh et al, 2009;Qin et al, 2006;Wu et al, 2005Wu et al, , 2008 in the Qinghai Province, China. Investigations and analyses of large lakes and rivers located in central and southern Tibet are equally abundant, such as studies of Lake Nam Co Zhang et al, 2008), Lake Yamzhog Yumco (Sun et al, 2013;Zhang et al, 2012), Lake Mapam Yumco (Wang et al, 2013), and the Yarlung Tsangpo River Basin (Guilmette et al, 2009;Hren et al, 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comparison of surface water chemistry and weathering effects of two lake basins in the Changtang Nature Reserve, China

Wang

Liu

Jiang

et al. 2016

Journal of Environmental Sciences

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The geochemistry of natural waters in the Changtang Nature Reserve, northern Tibet, can help us understand the geology of catchments, and provide additional insight in surface processes that influence water chemistry such as rock weathering on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. However, severe natural conditions are responsible for a lack of scientific data for this area. This study represents the first investigation of the chemical composition of surface waters and weathering effects in two lake basins in the reserve (Lake Dogaicoring Qiangco and Lake Longwei Co). The results indicate that total dissolved solids (TDS) in the two lakes are significantly higher than in other gauged lakes on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, reaching 20-40 g/L, and that TDS of the tectonic lake (Lake Dogaicoring Qiangco) is significantly higher than that of the barrier lake (Lake Longwei Co). Na + and Cl − are the dominant ions in the lake waters as well as in the glacier-fed lake inflows, with chemical compositions mainly affected by halite weathering. In contrast, ion contents of inflowing rivers fed by nearby runoff are lower and concentrations of dominant ions are not significant. Evaporite, silicate, and carbonate weathering has relatively equal effects on these rivers. Due to their limited scope, small streams near the lakes are less affected by carbonate than by silicate weathering.

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Major ion chemistry of waters in Lake Qinghai catchments, NE Qinghai-Tibet plateau, China

Cited by 92 publications

References 23 publications

Water and sediment quality in Qinghai Lake, China: a revisit after half a century

Water and sediment quality in Qinghai Lake, China: a revisit after half a century

Spatial-temporal patterns of major ion chemistry and its controlling factors in the Manasarovar Basin, Tibet

Comparison of surface water chemistry and weathering effects of two lake basins in the Changtang Nature Reserve, China

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