No abstract

 Users may download and print one copy of any publication from the public portal for the purpose of private study or research.  You may not further distribute the material or use it for any profit-making activity or commercial gain  You may freely distribute the URL identifying the publication in the public portal If you believe that this document breaches copyright please contact us providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim.

 Users may download and print one copy of any publication from the public portal for the purpose of private study or research.  You may not further distribute the material or use it for any profit-making activity or commercial gain  You may freely distribute the URL identifying the publication in the public portal If you believe that this document breaches copyright please contact us providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim.

This study focuses on the chemical composition, and the factors controlling it, of the high mountain-rivers in the source region of the Yangtze River on the Tibetan Plateau. By comprehensive and systematic analysis, the chemical signatures, spatial variations of water quality, as well as the factors controlling them are studied. The value of the average total dissolved solids (TDS) is 778 mg/l, ranging from 117 to 5496 mg/l. In order of decreasing concentration, the main cations are Na try of the river water is controlled by lithogenic weathering processes. The Na-normalized ratio end-member diagram indicates that the weathering of silicates and carbonates is relatively significant, on the whole. There exists pronounced regional heterogeneity in the water chemistry and the factors affecting it. The northern rivers, including Chumaer He, Beilu He, and Ranchiqu, are mainly affected by evaporation and crystallization processes, while the southern rivers (Tuotuo He, Gaerqu, and Buqu) show effects from the weathering of carbonates and silicates.

No abstract

No abstract

Accurate precipitation estimates are essential for reliable hydrological simulations of fluxes and states. Satellite precipitation products have been widely used for hydrological applications, especially for ungauged regions. The Global Precipitation Measurement (GPM) product is starting to provide a new generation of precipitation estimates. This work first evaluates several GPM Integrated Multi-satellite Retrievals (IMERG) against gauge-based precipitation over Mainland China for a two-year period (2016 -2017), and then explores the feasibility of using GPM to force a lumped hydrological model over 300 catchments of varying size and climate.The analysis indicates that IMERG Final run estimates (gauge-adjusted) agree well with gauge-based precipitation at daily scale, while IMERG Early run estimates (near-real time without gauge adjustments) are consistently lower than the rain gauge records. Nevertheless, both Final run and Early run estimates are slightly better than TRMM 3B42 estimates in terms of rainfall detection skill. Moreover, all three products show better skill over humid regions than over high elevation zones.When used as hydrological model forcing, IMERG Final and Early estimates provide comparable performances to gauge-based precipitation. However, TRMM 3B42 performs relatively poor in terms of hydrological simulation. Moreover, models generally perform better in humid than in arid areas for all three products. The evaluation sheds light on how IMERG-driven hydrological predictions perform in different regions across China. The findings also indicate the potential of IMERG Early run for flood forecasting and Final run for climatological/hydrological modeling in ungauged or poorly gauged basins.

 Users may download and print one copy of any publication from the public portal for the purpose of private study or research.  You may not further distribute the material or use it for any profit-making activity or commercial gain  You may freely distribute the URL identifying the publication in the public portal If you believe that this document breaches copyright please contact us providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim.