Majocchi's granuloma

Smith, Kathleen J.; Neafie, Ronald C.; Skelton, Henry G.; Barrett, Terry L.; Graham, James H.; Lupton, George P.

doi:10.1111/j.1600-0560.1991.tb00598.x

Cited by 76 publications

(68 citation statements)

References 16 publications

(14 reference statements)

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“…When histopathologic examination revealed multiple septate hyphae in the dermis, our focus was a deep fungal infection, such as dermatophytosis. However, as has been noted previously in the literature on deep dermatophytosis, [9][10][11][12]15 instead of the typical slender hyphae found in the stratum corneum in superficial dermatophytosis, the hyphae in our patient's dermis were thicker, shorter, and thick-walled. The isolated T rubrum also had unusual microbiologic properties, and was difficult to identify.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 50%

“…These presentations include different types of subcutaneous and deep dermal lesions (papules, 5,9,10 nodules, 3,5,10 plaques, 3,5 cellulitis, 11 abscesses, 4,12 draining sinuses, 13 verrucous lesions, 14 blastomycosis-like lesions 15 ) and, rarely, lymphogenous or hematogenous extension. 16 Such atypical features are mostly encountered in individuals who are immunocompromised.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Deep dermatophytosis caused by Trichophyton rubrum with concomitant disseminated nocardiosis in a renal transplant recipient

Seckın¹,

Arıkan²,

Haberal³

2004

Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 50%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Deep dermatophytosis caused by Trichophyton rubrum with concomitant disseminated nocardiosis in a renal transplant recipient

Seckın¹,

Arıkan²,

Haberal³

2004

Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology

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“…Through the years, several names have been mentioned: trichophytic granuloma (name originally designed by Majocchi), dermatophytic granuloma (designed by Padilha-Gonςalves), nodular granulomatous perifolliculitis (described by Wilson and Cremer), and other like deep dermatophytosis and deep dermatoficia [3,7].…”

Section: Synonymsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Other fungi associated with MG include Trichophyton mentagrophytes [12], T. violaceum (reported in Europe, affecting scalp) [11••], Trichophyton tonsurans (reported in Latinos, also affecting scalp) [6,13,14], Trichophyton verrucosum [15], Trichophyton schoenleinii, Microsporum canis [6,16], Microsporum audouinii [7], Microsporum gypseum [6,7], Microsporum ferrugineum [7], Epidermophyton floccosum [17], and a yeast-like fungus Trichosporon cutaneum (formerly Trichosporon beigelii) [18,19]; in glabrous skin, the etiology is similar worldwide: T. rubrum (85 %) and T. mentagrophytes var. mentagrophytes (10 %).…”

Section: Etiologic Agentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Majocchi’s Granuloma (Dermatophytic Granuloma): Updated Therapeutic Options

Tirado‐Sánchez

Ponce-Olivera

Bonifáz

2015

Curr Fungal Infect Rep

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Majocchi's granuloma (MG) is a rare, well-recognized, deep skin infection caused by dermatophyte, which can be seen in immunosuppressed as well as immunocompetent individuals. It is primarily caused by dermatophytes, most commonly Trichophyton rubrum; however, occasionally other Trichophyton sp., Trichosporon sp., Aspergillus sp., and Phoma sp. are involved. Diagnosis is based on clinical, mycological, and histological characteristics. This review focuses on clinical characteristics of MG and diagnosis and therapeutic options of MG.

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“…(i) Majocchi's granuloma (nodular granulomatous perifolliculitis), described more than a century ago (13), is an infection of dermal and subcutaneous tissue, related to disruption of hair follicles and spillage of fungi into the dermis, which produces a granulomatous inflammation. Both immunocompetent and immunosuppressed patients may be affected by this type of infection (4,17). (ii) In deep or invasive disease, invasion is limited mainly to the extremities, and there is subcutaneous involvement without involvement of other internal organs (4).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Deep Infection by Trichophyton rubrum in an Immunocompromised Patient

Nir-Paz¹,

Elinav²,

Pierard

et al. 2003

J Clin Microbiol

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Dermatophytes are common pathogens of skin but rarely cause invasive disease. We present a case of deep infection by Trichophyton rubrum in an immunocompromised patient. T. rubrum was identified by morphological characteristics and confirmed by PCR. Invasiveness was apparent by histopathology and immunohistochemistry. The patient was treated successfully with itraconazole. CASE REPORTA 56-year-old male was admitted for evaluation of elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), anemia, and multiple subcutaneous nodules on both legs. The patient was under close medical supervision due to an autoimmune disease with liver, cardiac, and lung involvement.His medical history included pericarditis (27 years before admission), and a profound jaundice after a respiratory infection treated with cefuroxime (3 years before admission). Serology was negative for hepatitis viruses and positive for antiparietal, antinuclear, and antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies. Liver biopsy revealed a profound destruction of liver architecture, fibrosis, active inflammation, and cholestasis. Treatment with steroids was followed by a good clinical response and normalization of liver enzymes. Attempts to wean the patient from steroids including administration of azathioprine and cyclosporine failed, and during the 2 years prior to admission he received both prednisone and cyclosporine. Several weeks before admission, he was evaluated for a chronic cough. He had undergone a transbronchial biopsy that disclosed chronic inflammation and thickening of the basement membrane, without any specific diagnosis, but responded to an increase of the dose of steroids. A few weeks later, while trying to taper the steroids, he developed multiple, hard cutaneous nodules, distributed mainly on the lower limbs. Some later softened and discharged caseous material spontaneously.Other underlying conditions included glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency, nephrolithiasis, benign prostate hypertrophy, bilateral inguinal hernia repair, and osteoporosis.On admission, medications included prednisone (10 mg once a day [QD]), cyclosporine (100 mg QD), ursodeoxycholic acid (300 mg twice a day), alendronate (10 mg QD), omeprazole (20 mg QD), and calcium (600 mg) and vitamin D (0.25 g) once daily. On physical examination, rhonchi were heard over both lungs. A few hard, mobile subcutaneous nodules were present on both lower limbs, mainly around the knees and thighs (Fig. 1a), and the sacral area. Some of these nodules were purplish and soft. Onychomycosis was present on the feet and both hands (Fig. 1b and c).Laboratory test results were as follows: ESR, 80; hemoglobin level, 10.8 g/dl; leukocyte count, 7,900/l (42% granulocytes); albumin level, 34 g/liter; total protein level, 83 g/liter; liver enzyme levels, normal.Two of the patient's nodules were excised. A granulomatous inflammatory reaction was present in the dermis and hypodermis. It was composed of monocytes, macrophages, multinucleated giant cells, and rare neutrophils (Fig. 2). Septate hyphae were revealed...

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Majocchi's granuloma

Cited by 76 publications

References 16 publications

Deep dermatophytosis caused by Trichophyton rubrum with concomitant disseminated nocardiosis in a renal transplant recipient

Deep dermatophytosis caused by Trichophyton rubrum with concomitant disseminated nocardiosis in a renal transplant recipient

Majocchi’s Granuloma (Dermatophytic Granuloma): Updated Therapeutic Options

Deep Infection by Trichophyton rubrum in an Immunocompromised Patient

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